中国乳业 ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (9): 3-7.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.21.09.02

• 尿素氮营养专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

细菌脲酶分解尿素机制及其调控

熊展博, 赵圣国, 王加启   

  1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京 100193
  • 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-09-29
  • 通讯作者: *王加启（1967-）,男,安徽宿州人,博士,研究员,博士生导师,研究方向为奶牛营养与牛奶质量安全。
  • 作者简介:熊展博（1998-）,男,湖北宜昌人,博士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养与产品品质调控的研究;赵圣国（1984-）,男,山东临沂人,博士,副研究员,研究方向为反刍动物营养与产品品质调控的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-IAS12）; 动物营养学国家重点实验室（2004DA125184G2108）

Mechanism and Regulation of Urea Decomposition by Bacterial Urease

XIONG Zhanbo, ZHAO Shengguo, WANG Jiaqi   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193
  • Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-09-29

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摘要： 脲酶高效催化尿素分解,快速生成大量二氧化碳和氨,限制脲酶的活性能有效调控尿素的分解过程。在畜牧业上,反刍动物瘤胃脲酶会导致过度氮排放。本文将从细菌脲酶活性中心的结构特征、尿素水解机制和抑制剂调控脲酶活性机制进行综述,为有效调控脲酶活性提供理论基础和开发新抑制剂提供思路。

关键词: 细菌脲酶, 尿素分解, 脲酶抑制剂, 抑制机制, 反刍动物, 瘤胃

Abstract: Urease can efficiently catalyze urea decomposition and produce carbon dioxide and ammonia. Limiting urease activity can effectively regulate urea decomposition process.In animal husbandry,ruminant urease can lead to excessive nitrogen emission.In this paper,the structural characteristics of urease activity center in bacteria,the mechanism of urease hydrolysis and the mechanism of urease activity regulation by inhibitors were reviewed,providing theoretical basis for effective regulation of urease activity and ideas for the development of new inhibitors.

Key words: bacterial urease, urea decomposition, urease inhibitors, inhibition mechanism, ruminant, rumen

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