Abstract: Early embryonic death in dairy cows is a critical issue constraining reproductive efficiency on farms,with a prevalence rate of 20%~30% in Chinese dairy herds and annual economic losses exceeding tens of millions of yuan. This paper systematically analyzed the multifactorial interaction mechanisms leading to early embryonic death,including physiological,nutritional,pathogenic,and management-related factors. To address these causes,the study proposes an integrated prevention strategy comprising precision nutritional regulation,optimized reproductive management,enhanced disease control,and the application of new technologies.Practical implementation at a large-scale dairy farm demonstrated that these comprehensive measures significantly reduced embryonic mortality and improved economic outcomes. The research provided scientific evidence and practical techniques for reducing reproductive costs and enhancing production efficiency,offering significant implications for promoting sustainable development in the dairy industry.

Key words: early embryonic death in dairy cows, reproductive efficiency, multifactorial interactions, precision nutritional regulation, progesterone monitoring, heat stress management, BVDV control, gene editing, integrated prevention measures