In order to speed up the change of dairy farming from quantitative to qualitative,promote dairy industry with high quality and efficiency,and make a good start of Xinjiang’s 14th five-year plan,our team field visited and collected data from 85 large-scale dairy farms in 8 prefectures,35 counties in Xinjiang. Through the analysis of the herd structure and production technical parameters,we found that there some prominent problems in the herd structure of dairy farms,which would affect the farms’ development and long-term performance. This paper summarized the problems and put forward effective measures for improvement,aimed at taking attention with the managers of dairy farms,at the same time,it can be used for reference to develop targeted technical services in the future.