The foreign matter blockage in rumen of dairy cows is a disease caused by the indigestible foreign matter such as plastic paper,woven bags,ropes and rags swallowed by dairy cows by mistake and entangled with the undigested forage in the rumen,which affects rumen peristalsis and rumination,and is mostly accompanied by rumen distention,resulting in digestive dysfunction. Take a dairy cow in Fangzi District,Weifang City,Shandong Province as example,this paper made a conclusion that prognosis of removing the foreign matter blockage by surgical operation is favorable. At the same time,practical preventive measures were put forward to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of the disease.