The student milk program has been carried out in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regionfor 11 years,which not only improves the health quality of the teenagers,but also plays an important role in guiding consumption,improving the dietary structure,adjusting and optimizing the agricultural structure and increasing the income of farmers. This paper investigated the basic operation,management,disease detection and manure treatment of the main milk source bases in Xinjiang,and analyzed the influence on the construction of milk source bases by this program. The number of lactating cows in participating dairy farms increased by 243%,the average daily yield increased by 17%,the milk fat increased by 0.15%,the milk protein rate increased by 0.1%,the somatic cell number decreased 46.65%,the total number of colonies decreased by 82%,the number of heat-resistant spores decreased by 28%,the number of cold-philic bacteria decreased by 28%,heavy metals and antibiotics were not detected.