Due to the process quality control level and other reasons,sterilized milk is prone to acid coating,bitter coating,fat floating,caking and expansion in the sale process. In this paper,five representative quality cases were selected,from the personnel operation,equipment maintenance,auxiliary material quality,production environment and the lack of monitoring methods to discuss the main factors affecting product quality. This paper systematically analyzed the reasons and formulated preventive measures from the four aspects of equipment process layout,production process,microbial test results and reason analysis of bad package,so as to prevent and control the production of sterilized milk,reduce the market complaint rate,and improve the quality management level and reputation of enterprises.