The key to develop and apply technologies,equipment,and systems for intelligent cow breeding is to digitize and intelligently perceive breeding information. From various production factors related to the breeding ecological environment,physiological health,and growth performance of cows,indicators that are perceivable,predictable,and closely related to production performance such as cow reproduction and lactation are selected.Clarify the dynamic reference standards and their correlation with production performance for each indicator,Thereby establish a digital characterization index system.The framework of the characterization index system for the intelligent cow breeding established in this paper was divided into 3 indicator categories,7 indicator layers,and 28 indicator items. Referring to current national,industry,or local standards,as well as some industry research results,the meanings,technical content,perception methods,and numerical distribution ranges of each indicator item were listed.Relevant group standard will be formulated.