The milk yield of dairy cows directly affects the economic benefits of dairy farming,but the milk yield is not only affected by the variety of dairy cows,but also determined by the level of feeding management. However,some dairy farms （households） in China still adopt extensive management mode,and there are unreasonable points in the management of dairy farming and calf cultivation,which have affected the economic benefits of dairy farming to some extent. In order to arouse the enthusiasm of dairy farms （households） and promote the sustainable development of dairy farming,this paper started with the influencing factors of dairy productivity,summarizes the feeding and management strategies of dairy cows （including environmental management, health management, disease prevention and control, etc.）,and pointed out the technical points that need to be paid attention to in calf breeding （including embryonic management,etc.）,so as to ensure the health of dairy cows, cultivate high and stable yield dairy cows and improve the economic benefits of dairy farming.