[Objective] To establish pathological,serological and molecular biological diagnostic methods for goat pox. [Method] 50 dairy goats infected with goat pox virus in a large farm in Linyi City,Shandong Province were selected as the observation group,and 50 healthy dairy goats that uninfected during the same period were selected as the control group.Blood and related pathological tissue materials were collected for pathological,serological and molecular biological detection. [Result] Pathological examination showed that the skin,oral cavity,nasal cavity,larynx,tracheal mucosa,liver,kidney,lung and stomach tissues of dairy goats with goat pox disease showed many typical acne.Agarose diffusion test showed that goat pox precipitated antigen reacted with positive serum and white precipitation lines appeared in agarose gel pores,and there were no precipitation line was observed in healthy dairy goats control group.High sensitivity fluorescence detection showed that the serum antibody titer of dairy goats infected with goat pox was significantly higher than that of healthy dairy goats（96.24±5.73 vs 4.01±0.26,P<0.05）,and the difference was statistically significant.PCR identification results showed that 455 bp specific electrophoresis bands could be amplified from nose swab,eye swab,lung tissue and positive control samples. [Conclusion] This study has successfully established a diagnostic method for goat pox virus infection in dairy goats in Linyi area,Shandong Province,and provided scientific reference for the control and clinical prevention of goat pox disease in various types in this area.