Bovine respiratory diseases are common in farms, with many pathogenic factors, complex pathology, and high incidence and mortality rates. Outbreaks can significantly reduce cattle productivity and cause significant economic losses to farms. This paper systematically analyzed the causes and clinical symptoms of bovine respiratory diseases in large-scale farms and found that the main reasons were bacterial respiratory infection, viral respiratory infection, fungal respiratory infection, parasitic infection, and non-communicable respiratory diseases. Through in-depth discussions on various infectious pathogens such as Mycoplasma, Escherichia coli, BRSV, pulmonarytoxoplasmosis, etc., countermeasures such as strengthening cattle breeding management, timely and standardized vaccination, focusing on early diagnosis and isolation, timely symptomatic treatment and drug prevention were proposed, providing references for the prevention and control of bovine respiratory diseases.