[Objective] To study the correlation between temperature,average relative humidity,ammonia concentration and milk yield of dairy cows in large-scale breeding farms in Xinjiang in winter. [Method] In this study,the data of temperature,average relative humidity,ammonia concentration and milk yield of dairy cows in the coldest season from December 2023 to February 2024 were collected,and the significance and correlation were analyzed by Prism,Excel and SPSS software. [Result] The temperature and average relative humidity from December 2023 to February 2024 were proportional to the ammonia concentration. From December 2023 to February 2024,the average temperature of the cowshed was 1.32 °C,0.13 °C,-0.34 °C, and the average relative humidity was 73 %,73.84 %,and 70.72 %,which met the NY / T 388-1999 Livestock and Poultry Farm Environmental Quality Standard（≤ 80 %）.By comparing the daily milk yield and ammonia concentration from December 2023 to February 2024,it was found that the ammonia concentration in the winter barn was 0.15 ~ 5.17 mg / m³,which met the ' NY / T 388-1999 Environmental Quality Standards for Livestock and Poultry Farms（≤ 20 mg / m³ ）,and did not affect the milk yield of dairy cows. The difference of ammonia concentration in weekly units was analyzed. The ammonia concentration in four weeks in December 2023 was 0.73~3.09 mg / m³,and the difference between the fourth week and the other three weeks was significant（P< 0.05）.he ammonia concentration in the four weeks of January 2024 was 1.82~3.14 mg/m³, and the difference between the first week and the other three weeks was significant（first week > fourth week）,significant difference（P>0.05）. [Conclusion] The ammonia concentration in the cowshed in winter had no effect on milk yield. There was no significant correlation between the temperature, average relative humidity and ammonia concentration in the barn in winter, indicating that the environment of the barn was comfortable and the management was effective.