[1] IOF. Osteoporosis:a call to action[EB/OL].(2023-10-20)[2024-01-15]. https://www.osteoporosis.foundation.
[2] 中华医学会骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病分会.原发性骨质疏松症诊疗指南(2022)[J].中华骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病杂志,2022,15(6):573-611.
[3] Sharifan P,Roustaee R,Shafiee M,et al.Dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular and bone health outcomes in adults:An umbrella review and updated meta-analyses[J]. Nutrients,2025,17(17):2723.
[4] Bashir H H,Hasnain M A,Abbas A,et al.The impact of fermented dairy products and probiotics on bone health improvement[J]. Food Science of Animal Resources,2025,45(2):449-467.
[5] Herzlich J,Frumer B,Mandel D,et al.Effects of donor human milk and formula supplementation on bone metabolism and clinical outcomes in preterm infants receiving mother's own milk[J]. Nutrients,2025,17(20):3263.
[6] Guéguen L,Pointillart A.The bioavailability of dietary calcium[J]. Journal of the American College of Nutrition,2000,19(2):119S-136S.
[7] Clapham D E.Calcium signaling[J]. Cell,2007,131(6):1047-1058.
[8] Dvorak M M,Riccardi D.Ca2+is an extracellular signal in bone[J]. Cell Calcium,2004,35(3):249-255.
[9] O'Seaghdha C M,Yang Q,Glazer N L,et al. Common variants in the calcium-sensing receptor gene are associated with total serum calcium levels[J]. Human Molecular Genetics,2010,19(21):4296-4303.
[10] Christakos S,Dhawan P,Porta A,et al.Vitamin D and intestinal calcium absorption[J]. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2011,347(1-2):25-29.
[11] Bischoff-Ferrari H A,Willett W C,Wong J B,et al. A pooled analysis of vitamin D dose requirements for fracture prevention[J]. New England Journal of Medicine,2012,367(1):40-49.
[12] Du X,Zhu K,Trube A,et al.School-milk intervention trial enhances growth and bone mineral accretion in Chinese girls aged 10-12 years in Beijing[J]. British Journal of Nutrition,2004,92(1):159-168.
[13] Michaëlsson K,Wolk A,Langenskiöld S,et al.Milk intake and risk of mortality and fractures in women and men:cohort studies[J]. BMJ,2014,349:g6015.
[14] US Department of Health and Human Services and US Department of Agriculture. 2015-2020 dietary guidelines for Americans[M]. 8th ed. Washington,DC:US Government Printing Office,2015.
[15] Quarles L D.FGF23,PHEX,and MEPE regulation of phosphate homeostasis and skeletal mineralization[J]. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism,2003,285(1):E1-E9.
[16] Castiglioni S,Cazzaniga A,Albisetti W,et al.Magnesium and osteoporosis:current state of knowledge and future research directions[J]. Nutrients,2013,5(8):3022-3033.
[17] Farrell H M,Jimenez-Flores R,Bleck G T,et al.Nomenclature of the proteins of cows' milk—sixth revision[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2004,87(6):1641-1674.
[18] Yakar S,Rosen C J,Beamer W G,et al.Circulating levels of IGF-1 directly regulate bone growth and density[J]. Journal of Clinical Investigation,2002,110(6):771-781.
[19] Hoppe C,Mølgaard C,Juul A,et al.High intakes of skimmed milk,but not meat,increase serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in eight-year-old boys[J]. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2004,58(9):1211-1216.
[20] Chen J,Holguin N,Shi Y,et al.mTORC1 and mTORC2 components in osteoblasts differentially regulate bone mass and turnover[J]. Bone Research,2020,8:4.
[21] Bharadwaj S,Naidu A G,Betagiri G V,et al.Milk ribonuclease-enriched lactoferrin induces positive effects on bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women[J]. Osteoporosis International,2009,20:1603-1611.
[22] Li W,Zhu S,Hu J.Bone regeneration is promoted by orally administered bovine lactoferrin in a rabbit tibial distraction osteogenesis model[J]. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research,2015,473(7):2383-2393.
[23] Brock J H.Lactoferrin:50 years on[J]. Biochemistry and Cell Biology,2012,90(3):245-251.
[24] Aoe S,Koyama T,Yamauchi Y,et al.A pilot study on the effects of milk basic protein on bone metabolism in healthy adult women[J]. Bioscience,Biotechnology,and Biochemistry,2001,65(4):913-915.
[25] Zhu K,Meng X,Kerr D A,et al.The effects of a two-year randomized,controlled trial of whey protein supplementation on bone structure,IGF-1,and urinary calcium excretion in older postmenopausal women[J]. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research,2011,26(9):2298-2306.
[26] FitzGerald R J. Milk protein-derived peptide inhibitors of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme[J]. British Journal of Nutrition,2000,84(Suppl 1):S33-S37.
[27] FitzGerald R J,Murray B A,Walsh D J. Hypotensive peptides from milk proteins[J]. Journal of Nutrition,2004,134(4):980S-988S.
[28] Tsuchita H,Suzuki T,Kuwata T.The effect of casein phosphopeptides on calcium absorption from calcium-fortified milk in growing rats[J]. British Journal of Nutrition,2001,85(1):5-10.
[29] Vermeirssen V,Van Camp J,Verstraete W.Bioavailability of angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides[J]. British Journal of Nutrition,2004,92(3):357-366.
[30] Toba Y,Takada Y,Yamamura J,et al.Milk basic protein:A novel protective function of milk against osteoporosis[J]. Bone,2000,27(3):403-408.
[31] Aoe S,Toba Y,Yamamura J,et al.A controlled trial of the effect of milk basic protein (MBP) supplementation on bone metabolism in healthy menopausal women[J]. Osteoporosis International,2005,16(12):2123-2128.
[32] Lopez C,Ménard O.Milk lipid droplets and their surrounding membrane:A complex and evolving system[J]. Journal of Food Science,2011,76(3):R153-R162.
[33] Maceyka M,Harikumar K B,Milstien S,et al.Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling and its role in disease[J]. Trends in Cell Biology,2012,22(1):50-60.
[34] Lv H,Sun M,Mi M,et al.Milk fat globule membrane:Structural organization,bioactive constituents,and therapeutic applications[J]. Foods,2026,15(9):1526.
[35] Schwarzer M,Makki K,Storelli G,et al.Lactobacillus plantarum strain maintains growth of infant mice during chronic undernutrition[J]. Science,2016,351(6275):854-857.
[36] Pariza M W.Perspective on the safety and effectiveness of conjugated linoleic acid[J]. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2004,79(6):1132S-1136S.
[37] Rahman M M,Bhattacharya A,Fernandes G.Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7 cells by modulating RANKL signaling[J]. Journal of Lipid Research,2006,47(8):1739-1748.
[38] Watkins B A,Li Y,Lippman H E.Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and skeletal health[J]. Experimental Biology and Medicine,2001,226(6):485-497.
[39] Walther B,Karl J P,Booth S L,et al.Menaquinones,bacteria,and the food supply:The relevance of dairy and fermented food products to vitamin K requirements[J]. Advances in Nutrition,2013,4(4):463-473.
[40] Booth S L.Roles for vitamin K beyond coagulation[J]. Annual Review of Nutrition,2009,29:89-110.
[41] Knapen M H,Schurgers L J,Vermeer C.Vitamin K2 supplementation improves hip bone geometry and bone strength indices in postmenopausal women[J]. Osteoporosis International,2007,18(7):963-972.
[42] Calvo M S,Whiting S J,Barton C N.Vitamin D intake:A global perspective of current status[J]. Journal of Nutrition,2005,135(2):310-316.
[43] Yoshizawa T,Handa Y,Uematsu Y,et al.Mice lacking the vitamin D receptor exhibit impaired bone formation,uterine hypoplasia and growth retardation after weaning[J]. Nature Genetics,1997,16(4):391-396.
[44] Panda D K,Miao D,Bolivar I,et al.Inactivation of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase and vitamin D receptor demonstrates independent and interdependent effects of calcium and vitamin D on skeletal and mineral homeostasis[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,2004,279(16):16754-16766.
[45] Bischoff-Ferrari H A,Dawson-Hughes B,Staehelin H B,et al. Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D:A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials[J]. BMJ,2009,339:b3692.
[46] Chee W S,Suriah A R,Zaitun Y,et al.The effect of milk supplementation on bone mineral density in postmenopausal Chinese women in Malaysia[J]. Osteoporosis International,2003,14(10):828-833.
[47] Moore C E,Murphy M M,Holick M F.Vitamin D intakes by children and adults in the United States differ among ethnic groups[J]. Journal of Nutrition,2005,135(10):2478-2485.
[48] Liu S,Li C,Lv Y,et al.Butyrate-producing Lactococcus lactis-fermented goat cheese enhances bone health and reduces osteoporotic bone loss[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2025,108(9):9048-9061.
[49] Graça J S,Sachinelli L D S,Tobar N,et al. Fermented probiotic dairy products with buriti and orange byproducts enhance gut and bone health[J]. Food Research International,2025,221(Pt 3):117364.
[50] Parvaneh K,Jamaluddin R,Karimi G,et al.Effect of probiotics supplementation on bone mineral content and bone mass density[J]. The Scientific World Journal,2014,2014:595962.
[51] Mayo B,Malagon-Rojas J,Agahi F,et al.Impact of yogurt consumption on bone health markers in adults with or without osteoporosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology,2025,12:2025.
[52] Sahni S,Tucker K L,Kiel D P,et al.Milk and yogurt consumption are linked with higher bone mineral density but not with hip fracture:The framingham offspring study[J]. Archives of Osteoporosis,2013,8(1-2):119.
[53] Manoury E,Jourdon K,Boyaval P,et al.Quantitative measurement of vitamin K2(menaquinones) in various fermented dairy products using a reliable high-performance liquid chromatography method[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(3):1331-1338.
[54] Nielsen F,Milne D.A moderately high intake compared to a low intake of zinc depresses magnesium balance and alters indices of bone turnover in postmenopausal women[J]. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2004,58:703-710.
[55] Rosa D D,Dias M S,Grześkowiak Ł M,et al.Milk kefir:Nutritional,microbiological and health benefits[J]. Nutrition Research Reviews,2017,30(1):82-96.
