China Dairy ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (10): 86-91.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.21.10.17

• INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

A Study on Health Problem and Culling in Holstein Replacement Cattle in Ningxia Area

ZHANG Hailiang1, NING Jingyang1, WANG Ao1, TIAN Jia2, ZHANG Weixin2, WEN Wan2, WANG Yachun1,*   

  1. 1College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193;
    2Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Animal Husbandry Station,Yinchuan Ningxia 750004
  • Online:2021-10-25 Published:2021-12-03

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Abstract: To reveal the characteristics of health problem and culling for dairy calves and replacement heifers in Holstein population in Ningxia area,the birth,health,and culling records of 12 large-scale dairy farms from 2013 to 2020 were collected. The main health problem of dairy cattle until yearling and the relationships between case number and month age,and calendar month were investigated. Furthermore,the culling characteristics and the relationships between culling risk and calendar month age,month were investigated,respectively. In Holstein population in Ningxia,diarrhea and pneumonia with the highest case number were the main health problem in dairy calves and replacement heifers before yearling,which accounted for a proportion of 75% in all health events. Diarrhea occurs mainly in calves less than 2 months old,while pneumonia cases were distributed in all stages before yearling,and a decrease trend of case number with the increase of age was found for pneumonia. Among different months within a year, there were large differences on the case number for diarrhea and pneumonia. The diarrhea has more cases from January to February,and pneumonia has more cases from January to June,which means that winter is a high-risk season for the health management in dairy farms in Ningxia. When dairy cattles were culled before yearling, the average culling age was 160.21 ± 110.00 day, and the culling risk gradually decreases as the age increase of dairy calves and replacement heifers. Among various months within a year,more dairy calves and replacement heifers were culled from August to December. This study reveals the characteristics of health events and culling for replacement calves and dairy heifers before yearling in Ningxia Holstein population,and provides useful information for the management of dairy calves and replacement heifers in large-scale dairy farms in this area.

Key words: dairy cattle, replacement heifer, diarrhea, pneumonia, culling

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