Abstract: To promote the sustainable development of the dairy industry in Inner Mongolia,this study comprehensively employed descriptive statistical analysis and case study methods to systematically examine the development trends,challenges,and future directions of the dairy industry in Inner Mongolia from 2019 to 2023,covering areas such as breeding,processing,and policy.The results showed that the dominant position of Inner Mongolia' s dairy industry in China continues to strengthen,with the average annual growth rate of dairy output reaching 6.4%,higher than the national average.In 2023,its share of national output increased to 18.57%,although the dairy cow inventory exhibited a pattern of initial growth followed by stabilization.Regional concentration trends are evident,with Hohhot and Bayannur emerging as core growth poles,while some traditional pastoral areas like Xilingol have experienced contraction.At the same time,the industry as a whole faces deep-seated challenges,including tightening resource and environmental constraints,rising production costs,weak linkages in the industry chain,and shortages of technical support and talent.The study indicated that Inner Mongolia' s dairy industry has entered a critical phase of transition from scale expansion to quality and efficiency enhancement.Future efforts should focus on building an“intelligent and green”production system and a “collaborative and integrated”industrial chain community to promote the upgrading of the dairy industry toward higher value-added segments.Ultimately,by leveraging technological innovation,policy optimization,and full-chain collaboration,Inner Mongolia' s dairy industry can achieve high-quality and sustainable development,further consolidating its leading position as a national strategic dairy base.

Key words: Inner Mongolia dairy industry, dairy cow, dairy industry revitalization