China Dairy ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (8): 8-14.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.08.02

• DAIRY CATTLE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH MANAGEMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Regulation Strategies and Application Effects of Hormones in Dairy Cows under Heat Stress

ZHAO Xinchun   

  1. Animal Husbandry Service Center of Cao County, Heze Shandong 274400
  • Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-10

Abstract: Heat stress exerts significant negative impacts on the production performance, reproductive function, and immune system of dairy cows, leading to a 15%~20% decrease in milk yield, a 25%~35% reduction in conception rate, and various health disorders. This paper systematically elaborated the mechanisms through which heat stress affects dairy cows, with a focus on the scientific application strategies of reproductive hormones (such as GnRH and progesterone), glucocorticoids (such as dexamethasone), and melatonin in alleviating heat stress. Practical cases from dairy farms in both northern and southern regions demonstrate the effectiveness of hormonal regulation in enhancing stress resistance,improving reproductive efficiency, and restoring production performance. The study emphasized that hormone use should adhere to the principles of short-term and low-dose application, combined with comprehensive measures such as physical cooling and nutritional adjustments, to ensure dairy product safety and farming profitability. This paper provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for dairy farms to mitigate heat stress.

Key words: heat stress, dairy cows, hormone application, management strategies

[1] 可持续发展经济导刊.最新全球气候状况报告速览:人类引发的气候变化达到新高度[EB/OL].https://sdg-china.net/NewsList/info_itemid_70836.html,2025-03-27[2025-07-09].
[2] 李显,宋玉环,张娟,等.生殖激素在奶牛临床上的应用[J].中国畜禽种业,2009,5(5):38-39.
[3] 梁琛,张建海.夏季奶牛热应激的发生及综合防治[J].现代畜牧兽医,2005(8):38-40.
[4] 廖晓霞,叶均安.泌乳奶牛热应激研究进展[J].中国饲料,2005(19):21-23.
[5] 宋代军,何钦,姚焰础.热应激对不同泌乳阶段奶牛生产性能和血清激素浓度的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(10):2294-2302.
[6] 何钦. 热应激对不同泌乳阶段奶牛生产性能及其营养代谢的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2012.
[7] 张晶,葛楠,赵海明,等. 密云地区夏季热应激对奶牛产奶量影响的调查分析[J].当代畜牧,2017(9):10-11.
[8] 侯引绪,魏朝利.夏季热应激对牛奶成分的影响与应对措施[J].中国奶牛,2014(Z1):10-12.
[9] 杨贞耐,张健.干酪质量安全问题与控制技术[J].食品科学技术学报,2015,33(6):11-17.
[10] Wolfenson D,Roth Z,Meidan R,et al.Impaired reproduction in heat-stressed cattle:basic and applied aspects[J].Animal reproduction science,2000,60-61:535-547.
[11] Roth Z.Heat stress,the follicle,and its enclosed oocyte:mechanisms and potential strategies to improve fertility in dairy cows[J].Reproduction in domestic animals,2008,43(S2):238-244.
[12] Collier R J,Baumgard L H,Zimbelman R B,et al.Heat stress:physiology of acclimation and adaptation[J]. Animal frontiers,2019,9(1):12-19.
[13] De Rensis F,Scaramuzzi R J.Heat stress and seasonal effects on reproduction in the dairy cow—a review[J].Theriogenology,2003,60(6):1139-1151.
[14] García-Ispierto I,López-Gatius F,Bech-Sabat G,et al.Climate factors affecting conception rate of high producing dairy cows in northeastern Spain[J].Theriogenology,2007,67(8):1379-1385.
[15] Sheldon I M,Dobson H. Postpartum uterine health in cattle[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2004,82-83:295-306.
[16] Rhoads M L,Rhoads R P,Vanbaale M J,et al.Effects of heat stress and plane of nutrition on lactating Holstein cows:I. Production,metabolism,and aspects of circulating somatotropin[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(5):1986-1997.
[17] Harper M E,Seifert E L.Thyroid hormone effects on mitochondrial energetics[J]. Thyroid,2008,18(2):145-156.
[18] Kadzere C T,Murphy M R,Silanikove N,et al.Heat stress in lactating dairy cows: a review[J].Livestock production science,2002,77(1):59-91.
[19] 程广龙. 奶牛热应激的发生及减缓措施[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(7):2797-2798.
[20] 边小娜,张家新.褪黑激素抗氧化作用的研究进展[J].安徽农学通报,2017,23(9):24-27.
[21] 李卫群,陈钟英,周瑶玺.免疫调节中白细胞介素2和γ-干扰素的相互关系[J].国外医学(免疫学分册),1986(6):312-315.
[22] 杨利国. 下丘脑促性腺激素释放激素的神经内分泌调节[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,1995(4): 39-41.
[23] 田文儒,胡庆德,李俊伟,等.前列腺素F2α对产后奶牛繁殖性能影响的研究[J].辽宁畜牧兽医,1993(4):7-9.
[24] López-Gatius F,López-Béjar M,Fenech M,et al.Ovulation failure and double ovulation in dairy cattle:risk factors and effects[J].Theriogenology,2005, 63(5):1298-1307.
[25] Pugliesi G,Santos F B,Lopes E,et al.Improved fertility in suckled beef cows ovulating large follicles or supplemented with long-acting progesterone after timed-AI[J].Theriogenology,2016,85(7):1239-1248.
[26] Bech-Sabat G,López-Gatius F,Yániz J L,et al.Factors affecting plasma progesterone in the early fetal period in high producing dairy cows[J]. Theriogenology,2008,69(4):426-432.
[27] Friedman E,Voet H,Reznikov D,et al.Hormonal treatment before and after artificial insemination differentially improves fertility in subpopulations of dairy cows during the summer and autumn[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(12): 7465-7475.
[28] 陈仗榴. 兽医药理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[29] 谭健,余诗强,赵玉超,等.糖皮质激素与热应激奶牛免疫系统互作机制的研究进展[J]. 动物营养学报,2023,35(9):5496-5504.
[30] 李瑾,曾晓.地塞米松的作用及在奶牛疾病治疗中的禁忌[J].畜牧兽医科学(电子版), 2019(7):47-48.
[31] Li Z Q,Zhang K Y,Zhou Y M,et al.Role of melatonin in bovine reproductive biotechnology[J].Molecules,2023,28(13):4940.
[32] Gao Y J,Li Y N,Wang J M,et al.Melatonin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through autophagy[J].Animals,2023,13(15):2449.
[33] Zhao X M,Wang N,Hao H S,et al.Melatonin improves the fertilization capacity and developmental ability of bovine oocytes by regulating cytoplasmic maturation events[J]. Journal of Pineal Research,2018,64(1):e12445.
[34] Ahmad S B,Ali A,Bilal M,et al.Melatonin and health:Insights of melatonin action,biological functions,and associated disorders[J].Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology,2023,43(6):2437-2458.
[35] Brockus K E,Hart C G,Gilfeather C L,et al.Dietary melatonin alters uterine artery hemodynamics in pregnant Holstein heifers[J].Domestic animal endocrinology,2016,55:1-10.
[36] Ratchanak R,Thananurak P,Boonkum W,et al.The melatonin treatment improves the ovarian responses after superstimulation in Thai-Holstein crossbreeds under heat stress conditions[J].Frontiers in Veterinary Science,2022,9:888039.
[37] 孙伟,郭雅欣,王超,等.褪黑素对高产荷斯坦奶牛体外胚胎生产质量及效率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2025:1-8.
[38] 戴艳菲,王弘浩,张瑞,等.维生素缓解奶牛热应激的研究进展[J].家畜生态学报,2025,46(5):5-10.
[1] JI Meila. Effects of Heat Stress on Dairy Cow Reproductive Performance and Regulatory Strategies Involving Reproductive Hormones [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(8): 15-20.
[2] HUANG Jing. The Effect of Adding Chinese Herbal Extracts to the Diet on the Prevention and Control of Mastitis in Dairy Cows [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(8): 47-53.
[3] ZHANG Tingqing, QIAO Zhi, LV Hongwei. Comprehensive Research and Precision Prevention Strategies for Early Embryonic Death in Dairy Cows [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(7): 6-6.
[4] GU Sukun, WANG Zhencheng, LI Zhijia, ZHAO Shanjiang, ZHU Huabin, ZHAO Huiqiu. Early Embryonic Loss in Dairy Cows and Preventive Measures [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(7): 12-17.
[5] LIU Mingsheng, ZHAO Ping. Multifactorial Analysis and Integrated Prevention Techniques for Early Embryonic Death in Dairy Cows [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(7): 18-23.
[6] LI Peiming, LI Qiang, GUO Zhijian, FU Chang, WANG Dong, MA Jinglei. Diagnosis and Treatment Measures of Reproductive Disorders During Heat Stress [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(7): 31-37.
[7] ZHU Chunyan, TONG Jingdi, DENG Bo, YANG Liying, CHENG Xiaoxun, SONG Rongyuan, CHENG Jia. The Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of New Calcium Supplements on Postpartum Hypocalcemia in Dairy Cows [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(7): 51-59.
[8] ZHANG Tingqing. Precision Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention Strategies for Postpartum Metritis in Dairy Cows During Hot Summers [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(6): 3-6.
[9] LI Qiang, FU Chang. Impacts of Heat Stress on Uterine Involution in Peripartum Dairy Cows and Regulatory Measures [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(6): 21-27.
[10] YANG Yanfen, LI Yang, YAN Hui, JI Yongcheng, CHENG Guoming. Analysis of Carbon Emissions in Dairy Cow Farming under the Background of Dual Carbon Goals--Taking Dongying City as an Example [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(6): 44-48.
[11] LI Jinxiu. Evaluation of the Prevention and Control Effect of Cloprostenol Sodium Combined with Anionic Salt Diet on Dairy Cow Endometritis in Summer [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(6): 106-111.
[12] CHU Lili. Research Progress on the Application of Rumen-protected Amino Acids in Dairy Cows [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(5): 25-30.
[13] LIU Jun. Effects of Dandelion Extract on Growth Performance,Lactation Performance and Immune Indicators of Dairy Cows [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(5): 49-53.
[14] GUAN Xin, LV Xiaojing, CUI Yaowen, YU Lulu, LIU Ailing. The Effects of Chinese Medicine Compound on the Treatment Effect of Retained Placenta and Fertility Rate in Dairy Cows [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(5): 59-63.
[15] ZHAO Lei, LI Kunlin. Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Chinese Herbal Powder on Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows [J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(4): 66-71.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!