China Dairy ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 87-95.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.26.02.14

• QUALITY CONTROL • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Comprehensive Analysis of the Diversity of Psychrotrophic Bacteria in Raw Milk of Large-scale Dairy Farms in North China Based on the Culture Method and 16S rRNA Sequencing

YANG Bo1,3, LI Hui1,2,3, WANG Qingshan3, WU Erbin4, WEI Dong1,2,3,*   

  1. 1. Hebei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products and Food Quality Safety Analysis and Testing,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou Hebei 075000;
    2. Zhangjiakou Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Characteristic Agricultural Products,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou Hebei 075000;
    3. College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou Hebei 075000;
    4. Zhangjiakou Animal Health Supervision Institute,Zhangjiakou Hebei 075000
  • Published:2026-03-20

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1

Abstract: [Objective] To investigate the composition of psychrotrophic bacterial communities and the diversity of psychrotrophic microorganisms in dairy raw materials from different pastures and at different production times.[Method] 36 raw milk samples were collected from large-scale pastures in North China.To investigate the alterations in bacterial community composition and the variety of psychrotrophic bacteria in raw milk from various pastures and seasons, researchers employed both 16SrRNA sequencing and conventional isolation and culture techniques.[Result] From the 36 samples,psychrotrophic bacteria were obtained and classified through conventional culturing techniques,identifying 474 species across 23 genera. At the genus level,the proportions were in the order of Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter,Flavobacterium,Rheinheimera,Psychrobacter,and Enterobacter. The concentration of psychrotrophic bacteria ranged from 1.71 to 3.78 lgCFU/mL,with an average concentration of 2.79 lgCFU/mL. Analysis of the 36 samples using 16SrRNA amplicon sequencing annotated a total of 37 phyla,90 classes,214 orders,358 families,740 genera and 12 301 species. The top 10 dominant genera in terms of microbial diversity abundance were Acinetobacter,Escherichia,Delftia acidovorans,Aeromonas,Pseudomonas,UCG-005,Streptococcus,Faecalibacterium,Corynebacterium and Flavobacterium.[Conclusion] Substantial variations were observed in the levels of psychrotrophic bacteria,the structure of psychrotrophic bacterial communities and the diversity of psychrotrophic microorganisms in raw milk sourced from various pastures and at various times. This research lays the groundwork for theoretical investigations into the microbial variety of psychrotrophic bacteria found in raw milk in Northern China and supplies data assistance for farms in the area to develop tailored strategies for managing and preventing psychrotrophic bacteria.

Key words: psychrotrophic bacteria, raw milk, microbial diversity

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