通过开展凉山地区奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌的分离鉴定和药敏情况试验,为指导凉山地区奶牛场临床合理使用抗生素以及提高抗生素的防治效果提供理论指导。通过采样、增菌培养、细菌鉴定、药敏试验、数据统计分析等方法,结果发现193 份患有乳房炎的乳样中有134 份分离出12 种病原菌,其中65 份检出两种及以上菌,占检出数的48.50%﹔共分离出234 株不重复菌株。分离率居前五位为：葡萄球菌63 株（26.9%）、大肠杆菌56 株（23.8%）、肺炎克雷伯菌42 株（17.9%）、肠球菌24 株（10.3%）、链球菌13 株（5.6%）。对本试验分离到的大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等12 种菌中的10 种细菌药敏试验结果显示,不论是革兰氏阳性菌还是革兰氏阴性菌对试验选取的17 种常见抗生素均表现不同程度的耐药,有部分菌株还表现严重的多重耐药,有些菌株对部分药物耐药率达100.00%。
Through the isolation and identification of the main pathogens of dairy cowmastitis and the drug sensitivity test in Liangshan area, it provides theoretical guidance forguiding the clinical rational use of antibiotics in Liangshan dairy farms and improving theeffect of antibiotics on the prevention and treatment of dairy cow mastitis. Methods are sampling, enrichment culture, bacterial identification, drug sensitivity test, statistical analysis of data. The results show that 134 of 193 mastitis milk samples are isolated from 12 pathogens, among which two and two types of bacteria account for 48.5%; a total of 234 non-duplicate strains are isolated. The top five isolation rates are: 63 strains of Staphylococcus (26.9%), 56 strains of Escherichia coli (23.8%), 42 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.9%), 24 strains of Enterococcus (10.3%), 13 strains of Streptococcus Strain (5.6%). The results of the susceptibility test of 10 bacteria out of 12 bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in this test, indicate that both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria show varying degrees of resistance to the 17 common antibiotics selected in the test, some strains show severe multi-drug resistance and some strains are resistant to some kind of drugs up to 100%.
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