为了掌握新疆昌吉州围产期奶牛酮病的流行现状,研究该病对奶牛生产性能的影响,采集昌吉州1 898 份围产期奶牛血液进行血酮检测,统计分析酮病和亚临床酮病的发生率,比较健康奶牛、亚临床酮病奶牛、酮病奶牛在产奶量、乳品质、免疫力指标方面的差异。结果昌吉州围产期奶牛酮病、亚临床酮病发生率分别为10.06%和33.09%;酮病奶牛、亚临床酮病奶牛与健康奶牛相比,平均日产奶量分别降低14.39%（P<0.05）、5.26%（P<0.05）,乳脂率分别降低11.99%（P<0.05）、6.0%（P<0.05）,乳糖率分别降低6.14%（P<0.05）、2.18%（P>0.05）,乳蛋白率分别降低11.88%（P<0.05）、5.80%（P<0.05）,体细胞数分别提高26.72%（P<0.05）、16.29%（P<0.05）,IgA含量分别降低23.81%（P<0.05）、9.52%（P>0.05）,IgG含量分别降低15.71%（P<0.05）、7.33%（P<0.05）,IgM含量分别降低14.58%（P<0.05）、6.25%（P<0.05）。结论昌吉州围产期奶牛均存在酮病和亚临床酮病的发生,并能够使奶牛的产奶量、乳品质和免疫力降低。
In order to master the epidemic situation of ketosis in perinatal cows in Changji Prefecture and study the impact of the disease on the production performance of cows,1 898 blood samples of perinatal cows in Changji Prefecture were collected for blood ketone detection,the incidence of ketosis and subclinical ketosis were statistically analyzed,and the differences in milk production,milk quality and immunity indexes among healthy cows,subclinical ketosis cows and ketosis cows were compared. The results showed that the incidence of ketosis and subclinical ketosis in perinatal cows in Changji Prefecture were 10.06% and 33.09%,the ketosis cows and subclinical ketosis cows compared with healthy cows,the average daily milk output decreased by 14.39%（P<0.05）and 5.26%（P<0.05）,the milk fat rate decreased by 11.99%（P<0.05）and 6.0%（P<0.05）,the lactose rate decreased by 6.14%（P<0.05）and 2.18%（P>0.05）,the milk protein rate decreased by 11.88%（P<0.05 and 5.80%（P<0.05）,and the number of somatic cells increased by 26.72%（P<0.05）and 16.29%（P<0.05）,IgA content decreased by 23.81%（P<0.05）and 9.52%（P>0.05）,IgG content decreased by 15.71%（P<0.05）and 7.33%（P<0.05）,IgM content decreased by 14.58%（P<0.05）and 6.25%（P<0.05）. In conclusion,there are ketosis and subclinical ketosis in perinatal cows in Changji Prefecture which can reduce the milk yield,milk quality and immunity of cows.
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