为了提高奶牛产奶量或延长奶牛泌乳高峰期时间,部分养殖户在科学饲养管理理念和技术不足的条件下,随意增加养殖密度或盲目追求产奶量,引发奶牛感染病原微生物或产生代谢性疾病,造成奶牛泌乳量降低,乳品质下降。乳房炎、瘤胃积食和酮血病是奶牛养殖中的常见疾病,其中乳房炎是细菌感染性疾病,发病率高达33.41%,是奶牛养殖中发病率最高的疾病之一。而瘤胃积食和酮血症主要由饲喂不当引发代谢紊乱所致,对奶牛泌乳性能的影响也较大。本文对奶牛养殖过程中发病率较高的乳房炎、瘤胃积食和酮血症的发病症状、治疗方法和预防措施进行概述,以期为奶牛健康科学养殖提供理论参考。

In order to improve the milk yield of dairy cows or prolong the peak time of dairy cows' lactation,some farmers arbitrarily increase the breeding density or blindly pursue the milk yield under the condition of insufficient scientific feeding management concept and technology,which leads to the infection of pathogenic microorganisms or metabolic diseases of dairy cows,resulting in the reduction of dairy cows' lactation and the decline of milk quality. Incidence rate incidence rate of breast inflammation is 33.41%. Breast inflammation is one of the most serious diseases in dairy farming. Rumen food accumulation and ketemia are mainly caused by metabolic disorder caused by improper feeding,which also has a great impact on the lactation performance of dairy cows. This paper summarized the incidence rate,mastitis,ketosis,symptoms and treatment methods of dairy cows during breast feeding, and provided a theoretical reference for healthy and scientific breeding of dairy cows.