奶牛乳房炎是奶牛最常见的疾病之一,给奶牛养殖业带来了巨大的经济损失。为了了解新疆地区规模化奶牛场奶牛乳房炎的发病情况和主要病原菌的流行情况。本研究通过现场流行病学调查和实验室检查,对新疆3 个规模化奶牛场中临床型乳房炎牛只进行了病原菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析。共采集体细胞数≥500 万个/mL的奶样243 份,通过在麦康凯琼脂平板、伊红美兰琼脂平板上对样品连续划线培养并结合涂片、染色、镜检,共分离出疑似革兰氏阴性肠杆菌231 株。初步判定大肠杆菌是引起3 个规模化奶牛场奶牛临床型乳房炎的主要病原菌。结果为：通过PCR鉴定,获得187 株大肠杆菌,分离率达77%;大肠杆菌对头孢噻肟、链霉素、庆大霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、环丙沙星高度敏感。
Dairy mastitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy cattle,which brings huge economic losses to dairy farming industry. To investigate the incidence and prevalence of mastitis of dairy cows in large-scale dairy farms in Xinjiang,the field epidemiological investigation and laboratory examination,pathogen isolation,identification and drug resistance analysis were carried out on clinical mastitis cattle from 3 large-scale dairy farms in Xinjiang. A total of 243 milk samples with somatic cell count ≥5 million /mL were collected,and 231 suspected gram-negative enterobacter were isolated by continuous streak culture on Mcconkay agar plate and Eosin-Meilan agar plate,combined with smear,staining and microscopic examination. Escherichia coli was identified as the main pathogen causing clinical mastitis of dairy cows in these three large-scale dairy farms. Results：187 strains of Escherichia coli were identified by PCR,and the isolation rate was 77%,drug sensitivity results showed that Escherichia coli was highly sensitive to cefotaxime,streptomycin,gentamicin,amikacin and ciprofloxacin.
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