中国是全球奶业贸易大国。本文基于全产业链视角,对改良种用牛与冻精、牧草饲料、乳制品等贸易现状进行分析,发现问题并提出对策建议。研究发现,中国奶业贸易存在着进口集中度过高、贸易逆差严重、国内奶业竞争力不足等问题。未来奶业的可持续健康发展必须要引导进口市场多元化、提高乳制品的质量、提升消费者对国产乳制品的认可度,在奶牛养殖环节鼓励种养结合模式,促进牧草饲料产业发展,提升国内奶牛养殖的竞争力,从而促进奶业全面振兴。

China is a major trading country in the global dairy industry. Based on the perspective of the whole industry chain,this paper analyzed the current trade situation between improved breeding cattle and frozen semen,forage feed and dairy products,found out the problems and putsforward countermeasures and suggestions.====The study found that there were some problems in China’s dairy trade, such as high import concentration,serious trade deficit, insufficient competitiveness of domestic dairy industry and so on. The sustainable and healthy development of dairy industry in the future must guide the diversification of import market,,improve the quality of dairy products,enhance consumers' recognition of domestic dairy products,encourage the combination mode of planting and breeding in dairy farming,promote the development of forage feed industry and enhance the competitiveness of domestic dairy farming, thereby promoting the overall revitalization of dairy industry.