[目的]为了探讨新疆帕米尔牦牛的生长发育、繁育性能及泌乳性能等特性。[方法]选取新疆帕米尔母牦牛50 头,通过非配对法人工受孕,检测母牛受配率和受胎率等繁育性能指标,记录产奶量、乳脂指标等评价泌乳性能,并在犊牛初生后分别于第0、1、3、6、12、18及24月龄时测量体重、体尺、体斜长等生长指标。[结果]18月龄新疆帕米尔牦牛的体重达343 kg,显著高于同时期的其他市售牦牛,证明新疆帕米尔牦牛的生长性能良好;繁殖率在75%以上,受胎率在90%以上,发情期集中在8月,繁殖成活率在90%以上,犊牛断奶成活率高达98%,证明新疆帕米尔牦牛具有良好的繁育性能;牛乳的乳脂率和乳蛋白率都达到生乳食品安全国家标准,产奶量也属于同类中的偏上水平,表明新疆帕米尔牦牛具有优良的泌乳性能。[结论]新疆帕米尔牦牛具有生长发育快、生产性能好、经济价值高等优势,是一种乳肉役兼用型的地方优良牦牛品种。

[Objective]To study the growth,breeding performance and lactation performance of Xinjiang Pamirs yaks.[Method]50 female Xinjiang Pamirs yaks were selected for the experiment, and artificial insemination was carried out by non pairing method. The breeding performance indexes such as mating rate and conception rate of the cows were detected,and the milk yield and milk fat index were recorded to evaluate the lactation performance. The growth indexes such as body weight, body size,and body slant length were measured at the age of 0,1,3,6,12,18,and 24 months respectively after the calves were born.[Result]The results showed that the weight of 18 month old Xinjiang Pamirs yak was 343 kg,significantly higher than that of other market yaks at the same time,which proved that the growth performance of Xinjiang Pamirs yak was good. The reproduction rate was more than 75%,the conception rate was more than 90%,the oestrus period was concentrated in August,the reproduction survival rate was more than 90%,and the weaning survival rate of calves was as high as 98%,which proved that Xinjiang Pamir yaks had good breeding performance.The milk fat rate and milk protein rate had both reached the national standard for raw milk food safety,and the milk yield was also above the level of the same kind,which showed that Xinjiang Pamir Yak had excellent lactation performance.[Conclusion]Xinjiang Pamir Yak has the advantages of fast growth,good production performance,and high economic value,and is a local excellent yak breed with both meat and milk service.