[目的]为了解北疆某牧场奶牛隐性乳房炎情况及分析其可能存在的风险因素。[方法]2020年1月至2022年9月通过加州乳房炎检测法（CMT）对该牧场在群泌乳牛进行隐性乳房炎调查,并初步分析该场可能存在的主要风险因素。[结果]该牧场2020—2022年各年奶牛隐性乳房炎平均阳性率分别为3.69%（110/2 980）、5.01%（150/2 993）和3.87%（86/2 220）;乳区阳性率分别为0.93%（110/11 856）、1.35%（160/11 880）和0.97%（86/8 860）;瞎乳头率分别为0.13%（16/11 920）、0.19%（23/11 972）和0.23%（20/8 880）;夏季隐性乳房炎阳性率明显高于其他季节,奶牛各乳区隐性乳房炎阳性率差异不显著（P>0.05）,不同胎次间的奶牛隐性乳房炎平均阳性率差异性显著（P<0.05）,5胎和6胎及以上牛的隐性乳房炎平均阳性率均明显高于其他胎次。[结论]该牧场奶牛隐性乳房炎发生率较低但仍需改善,夏季炎热潮湿的饲养环境和高龄奶牛更易发生热应激,奶牛身免疫力下降等原因可能是该牧场奶牛患乳房炎的主要风险因素。
[Objective]In order to understand the prevalence of recessive mastitis and analyze its possible risk factors in a large-scale dairy farm in northern Xinjiang. [Method]In the experiment,recessive mastitis was investigated in the herd cows of this farm through California Mastitis Test （CMT） in each season from 2020 to 2022,and the main risk factors that may exist in this farm were preliminarily analyzed. [Result]From 2020 to 2022,the average positive rates of recessive mastitis in dairy cows were 3.69%（110/2 980）,5.12% （150/2 993） and 3.87% （86/2 220） respectively. The positive rates in milk area were 0.93% （110/11 856）,1.35% （160/11 880） and 0.97% （86/8 860）respectively. The rates of blind nipple were 0.13%（16/11 920）,0.20% （23/11 972 and 0.23%（20/8 880） respectively. The positive rate of recessive mastitis in summer was significantly higher than that in other seasons. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of recessive mastitis in milk regions of cows（P>0.05）. The average positive rate of recessive mastitis in cows of different parity was significant（P<0.05）. The average positive rate of recessive mastitis in cows of 5 and 6 fetuses and above was significantly higher than that in other parity.[Conclusion]The incidence of recessive mastitis in dairy cows in this pasture is low,but it still needs to be improved. The hot and humid breeding environment in summer and the elderly dairy cows are more prone to heat stress,which may lead to the decline of their own immunity and other reasons,which may be the main risk factors for dairy cows in this pasture to suffer from mastitis.
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