为了推动奶业振兴,2016年国家奶业科技创新联盟发起实施了推动奶业可持续发展的专项研究项目——优质乳工程,它涵盖了创建优质乳标识制度、推动奶牛养殖技术升级,全面实施乳制品加工工艺标准化监管3 个方面。其中优质乳标识制度提出了以活性酶类、活性蛋白和糠氨酸为核心的优质乳制品品质的评价方法。目前,在糠氨酸和乳铁蛋白检测中常用的检测方法有高效液相色谱法、液相色谱质谱联用法、毛细管电泳质谱联用法等。高效液相色谱法是最常用的检测方法,但前处理时间长且过程复杂,对样品纯度要求较高;液相色谱质谱联用法灵敏度高,但设备昂贵,对操作人员要求较高;毛细管电泳质谱法对生物大分子具有较好分离检测效果,但是毛细管电泳和质谱接口还存在一定缺陷,维护成本较高,检测重复性差。本文阐述了优质乳中糠氨酸和乳铁蛋白的检测方法,比较了方法的优缺点,旨在为进一步开发优质乳中糠氨酸和乳铁蛋白检测新方法提供参考。
In order to promote the revitalization of the dairy industry,the National Dairy Industry Science and Technology Innovation Alliance initiated and implemented a special research project to promote the sustainable development of the dairy industry -- high-quality milk Project in 2016,which covers three aspects: establishing a high quality milk labeling system,promoting the upgrading of dairy farming technology,and comprehensively implementing the standardization and supervision of dairy processing technology. The quality evaluation method of high quality dairy products based on active enzymes,active proteins and furosine is proposed in the high quality milk labeling system. At present,the commonly used detection methods for furosine and lactoferrin include high performance liquid chromatography,liquid chromatography mass spectrometry,capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry,etc. High performance liquid chromatography is the most commonly used detection method,but the pretreatment time is long and the process is complex,and the sample purity is high. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS） is sensitive,but the equipment is expensive and the requirement for operators is high. Capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry has a good separation and detection effect on biological macromolecules,but the interface between capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry still has some defects,high maintenance cost,poor detection repeatability. This paper described the detection methods of furosine and lactoferrin in high-quality milk,compared the advantages and disadvantages of the methods. The aim is to provide reference for further developing a new method for the detection of furosine and lactoferrin in high quality milk.
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