高淀粉含量的谷物精料能够为奶牛提供较多的能量,因此在奶牛的泌乳期,往往会加大其饲喂比例,但奶牛摄入高含量的精饲料后会导致瘤胃内挥发性脂肪酸和乳酸的含量上升,pH下降,从而引发奶牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒。此病在临床上没有明显的症状,不易发现,还容易诱发乳房炎、肝脏损伤、蹄炎等多种疾病,给奶牛养殖业带来较大危害。本文对奶牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒的定义、危害,以及目前行业内较为认可的引发奶牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒的三种学说进行了概述,同时对预防该病的营养调控措施进行了综合讨论,以期为奶牛场预防亚急性瘤胃酸中毒提供理论参考,促进奶牛养殖业的健康发展。
Grain concentrate with high starch content can provide more energy for dairy cows, so the feeding ratio of dairy cows is often increased during lactation. However,the intake of high starch concentrate will lead to the increase of volatile fatty acids and lactic acid in rumen and the decrease of pH,which will lead to subacute gastric acidosis in dairy cows. The disease has no obvious symptoms in clinic,and it is not easy to find. It is also easy to induce many diseases such as mastitis,liver damage and hoof inflammation,which brings great harm to dairy farming. In this paper,the definition and harm of subacute acidosis in dairy cows were summarized,as well as the three theories recognized in the industry that caused subacute acidosis in dairy cows. At the same time,the nutritional control measures to prevent subacute acidosis in dairy farms were discussed comprehensively,so as to provide theoretical reference for preventing subacute acidosis in dairy farms and promote the healthy development of dairy farming.
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