[目的]胎衣不下及子宫炎影响奶牛正常子宫复旧,进而影响后续繁殖性能。以子宫健康和繁殖表现为依据,评价胎衣不下、产后子宫炎及子宫内膜炎不同治疗方法的临床效果。[方法]本试验为回归分析试验,在牧场收集胎衣不下、产后子宫炎及子宫内膜炎牛只治疗方案,按临床症状、发病天数及用药方式进行分组,收集这些牛只后续产后疾病（产后子宫炎、子宫内膜炎）发病情况及始配天数,首配受胎率,产后90 天怀孕率,产后120 天怀孕率,产后150 天怀孕率及空怀期判断不同治疗方案的治疗效果。[结果]胎衣不下病牛使用头孢噻呋钠治疗,产后子宫炎发病率均显著升高;具有全身症状的产后子宫炎病牛,使用头孢噻呋辅助氟尼辛葡甲胺治疗,子宫内膜炎发病率仍高于健康牛,但可提高其产后90 天怀孕率;子宫内膜炎病牛经直肠子宫按摩同时采用长效土霉素子宫灌注,首配受胎率、产后120 天怀孕率和产后180 天怀孕率与健康牛无显著差异。[结论]胎衣不下病牛使用头孢噻呋钠治疗,不能完全预防产后子宫炎;对于发烧的产后子宫炎病牛,使用头孢噻呋钠辅助氟尼辛葡甲胺治疗,可降低后续产后疾病发病率,并在一定程度上提高繁殖性能;子宫内膜炎病牛经直肠子宫按摩同时采用长效土霉素子宫灌注,可提高繁殖性能 。
[Objective] Retained placenta,puerperal metritis and endometritis are common diseases in Holstein dairy cows on large-scale ranches,which affect the normal uterine involution process and subsequent reproductive performance.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different treatments for retained placenta,puerperal metritis and endometritis based on the subsequent uterine health and reproductive performance of cows in order to obtain a better treatment plan. [Method] This study was a regression analysis experiment.The treatment regimens of cows with retained placenta,puerperal metritis and endometritis were collected in the pasture.The cows were divided into groups according to clinical symptoms, onset days and medication methods.The pregnancy rate 90,120,150 days postpartum and the open days were used to determine the therapeutic effect of different treatment regimens. [Result] The incidence of puerperal metritis was significantly increased in retained placenta cows treated with ceftiofur sodium,ceftiofur combined with flunixin meglumine in the treatment of puerperal metritis in cows with systemic symptoms still has a higher incidence of endometritis than healthy cows,but improve the pregnancy rate at 90 days postpartum.There was no significant difference in the first breeding conception rate,pregnancy rate at 120 days and 180 days were not significantly different between endometritis diseased cows and healthy cows treated with transrectal uterine massage combined with uterine perfusion with long-acting oxytetracycline. [Conclusion] Treating retained placenta with cefotiofur sodium did not prevent puerperal metritis in cows.Ceftiofur sodium combined with flunixin meglumine can reduce the incidence of puerperal metritis and improved reproductive performance in cows.Endometritis cattle treated with long-acting oxytetracycline uterine perfusion combining with transrectal uterine massage,reproductive performance can be improved.
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