[目的]讨论乳粉中黄曲霉毒素M₁含量ELISA（酶联免疫法）检测法结果不确定度的量化和评定。[方法]通过建立数学模型,结合鱼骨图分析引入不确定度的各项目因素,并将其引入的不确定度进行具体量化和比较,得到按照置信水平95%,包含因子k=2,则乳粉中黄曲霉毒素M₁测定的扩展不确定度为：0.023µg/kg。[结果]采用ELISA法测定乳粉中黄曲霉毒素M₁含量结果应表示为0.480±; 0.023 µg/kg。其中,对该不确定度影响较大的因素是标准曲线拟合引入的不确定度。[结论]以后该项检验中,可酌情增加标样或质控样的测试次数,减少该项引入的不确定度对检验结果影响。

[Objective]This article discussed the quantification and evaluation of the uncertainty of ELISA detection method for aflatoxin M₁ residue in milk powder.[Method]By established a mathematical models,the factors of the introduction of uncertainty are analyzed by combining the fishbone diagram,and the uncertainty introduced by them was specifically quantified and compared.Thus,at a confidence level of 95% and containing factor k=2,the extended uncertainty of the determination of aflatoxin M₁ in milk powder is：0.023 μg/kg.[Result] The M₁ content of Aspergillus flavus in milk powder determined by ELISA method in this article should be expressed as：0.480±0.023 μg/kg.Among them,the factors that have a large influence on this uncertainty, the uncertainty introduced by standard curve fitting.[Conclusion]In the future inspection,the number of additional standard samples or quality control sample tests can be increased as appropriate to reduce the impact of the uncertainty introduced by this item on the inspection results.