[目的]奶牛乳房炎是目前养殖中危害较大疾病之一,发病有很多原因,本研究主要对甘肃、宁夏部分地区奶牛乳房炎的病原菌进行分离鉴定,以便于疾病的防控。[方法]本试验分离、培养病原菌,通过16S rRNA和药敏试验鉴定甘肃、宁夏部分地区奶牛乳房炎的病原微生物。[结果]试验发现主要病原菌为大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肠球菌,且对β-内酰胺类抗生素抗性较强。药敏试验发现大肠杆菌仅对头孢氨苄敏感,对其他β-内酰胺类抗生素不敏感;金黄色葡萄球菌只对头孢噻肟中度敏感,对其他β-内酰胺类抗生素不敏感;肠球菌只对头孢氨苄中度敏感,对头孢噻肟敏感,对其他β-内酰胺类抗生素不敏感。[结论]本研究结果对甘肃、宁夏部分地区奶牛乳房炎防控及治疗提供了基础理论资料。
[Objective] Dairy cow mastitis is one of the most harmful diseases in breeding at present. There are many causes of the disease. This study mainly isolated and identified the pathogenic bacteria of dairy cow mastitis in some areas of Gansu and Ningxia in order to facilitate the prevention and control of the disease. [Method] In this experiment, pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured, and the pathogenic microorganisms of dairy cow mastitis in some areas of Gansu and Ningxia were identified by 16S rRNA and drug sensitivity test. [Result] It was found that the main pathogens were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus, and the resistance to β-lactam antibiotics was strong. Susceptibility test showed that E.coli was only sensitive to cephalexin, but not to other β-lactam antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus was only moderately sensitive to cefotaxime and was not sensitive to other β-lactam antibiotics. Enterococcus was only moderately sensitive to cephalexin, sensitive to cefotaxime, and insensitive to other β-lactam antibiotics. [Conclusion] The results of this study provided basic theoretical data for the prevention and treatment of cow mastitis in some areas of Gansu and Ningxia.
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