[目的]探索黄芪多糖对奶牛乳房炎和乳品质的影响。[方法]选取患乳房炎奶牛40 头,随机分为4 组,每组10 头,分别为对照组、试验A组、试验B组和试验C组。对照组饲喂正常饲料,试验A组、B组和C组在饲喂正常饲料基础上额外添加20 g/头·d、40 g/头·d和80 g/头·d黄芪多糖。记录并测量奶牛饲料摄入量、体重和产奶量变化。饲喂结束后测量牛乳中的体细胞数和乳蛋白、乳脂肪含量。同时测量血清中GSH-Px、SOD、T-AOC和MDA含量变化。评价黄芪多糖对抗氧化活性的影响。[结果]黄芪多糖能有效调节奶牛体重和饲料摄入量,增加产奶量,降低体细胞数,增加乳脂肪含量。抗氧化活性方面,能上调GSH-Px、SOD、T-AOC表达,降低MDA含量,说明其能一定程度增强奶牛抗氧化能力,且40 g/头·d和80 g/头·d剂量时最好,呈现剂量依赖性。[结论]黄芪多糖能有效降奶牛乳房炎,可能通过增强其抗氧化能力起作用,还能改善生产性能。养殖过程中可添加一定量的黄芪多糖,改善机体性状,保证产奶效率稳定。

In order to investigate the potential of Astragalus polysaccharides to inhibit mastitis in dairy cows and assess its impact on milk quality.40 cows with mastitis were selected at random and divided into four groups, with 10 cows in each group. These were designated as the control group, experimental group A, experimental group B and experimental group C, respectively. The control group was fed a standard diet, while the experimental groups A, B and C were fed 20, 40 and 80 grams of Astragalus polysaccharides per head, respectively. The changes in the intake of feed, weight and milk yield of dairy cows were recorded and quantified. Following the feeding period, the number of somatic cells and the contents of milk protein and milk fat were quantified. Concomitantly, the alterations in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were quantified. To assess the impact of astragalus polysaccharides on antioxidant activity.The administration of astragalus polysaccharides has been demonstrated to effectively regulate the weight and feed intake of dairy cows, increase milk yield, reduce somatic cell number and increase milk fat content. In terms of antioxidant activity, it can up-regulate the expression of GSH-Px, SOD and T-AOC, and reduce the content of MDA, indicating that it can enhance the antioxidant capacity of dairy cows to some extent. The optimal dosage is 40 g/head·d and 80 g/head·d, which demonstrates a dose-dependent manner.It has been demonstrated that astragalus polysaccharides can effectively reduce mastitis in dairy cows. This may be due to their ability to enhance the antioxidant capacity of the cows and improve their production performance. It has been demonstrated that a certain quantity of astragalus polysaccharides can be incorporated into the breeding process, thereby enhancing the body characteristics and ensuring the stable milk production efficiency.