在我国奶业产业格局中,奶牛养殖与乳制品加工企业主要为买卖合同关系,产业上下游利益联结不够紧密,双方产业主体地位不够平等,产业利益分配不够合理。支持奶牛养殖加工一体化发展对密切利益联结、提升养殖效益、稳固养殖基础地位、优化乳制品供给结构、满足消费差异化需求意义重大。2023年以来奶业阶段性困难引发养殖加工一体化经营需求更强烈,但受产业政策限制和区域差异性管理措施等影响,奶牛养殖加工一体化生产主要模式发展受到不同程度的制约。本文结合产业调研情况,梳理奶牛养殖加工一体化发展现状、制约因素、典型模式和发展趋势,分析存在问题并提出相关建议。

In the dairy industry structure of our country,dairy cattle farming and dairy product processing enterprises mainly have a buying and selling contractual relationship,and the interests of the upstream and downstream industries are not closely linked enough. The status of the two industrial subjects is not equal enough,and the distribution of industrial interests is not reasonable enough. Supporting dairy farms in processing and selling dairy products has significant implications for strengthening the benefit linkage of entire dairy industry,improving benifit of dairy farming,solidifying the foundation of breeding,optimizing the supply structure of dairy products,and meeting the differentiated consumption needs. The temporary difficulties faced by the dairy industry since 2023 have made the urgent demand for dairy cow breeding and processing integrated production,but it has been constrained by industrial policies and regional differential management measures,and the development of several types of dairy cow breeding and processing integrated production main models has been restricted to different degrees. This paper combined the results of industrial surveys to analyze the current situation,constraints,typical models,and development trends of dairy cattle farming and dairy product processing integration,identify problems,and put forward relevant suggestions.