[目的]研究益生菌发酵饲料对真胃炎奶牛肠道菌群和生产性能的影响。[方法]选择山东省济南市章丘区某规模化奶牛场160 头胎次、年龄相近、病症相似的真胃炎奶牛为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分4 组（n=40）,分别为对照组、试验I组、试验II组和试验III组,试验组在基础日粮基础上添加2%、4%和6%益生菌,每组设置5 个重复,每个重复8 头,试验期为42 d,统计分析各组真胃炎奶牛的肠道菌群和生产性能指标。[结果]试验I组、II组、III组的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌指标均低于对照组（P<0.05）,试验II组的指标为最低;试验I组、II组、III组乳酸菌指标均高于对照组,试验II组为最高;试验I组、II组、III组平均日采食量、平均日产奶量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,试验II组为最高;试验I组、II组、III组料奶比显著低于对照组（P<0.05）,试验II组为最低。[结论]真胃炎奶牛基础日粮添加益生菌发酵饲料可显著提高生长性能,改变肠道菌群结构。对比添加剂量可知,4%添加量为最佳。

[Objective] To study the effects of probiotic fermented feed on intestinal flora and performance of dairy cows with eugastritis.[Method] 160 dairy cows with similar age and symptoms in a large-scale dairy farm in Zhangqiu District,Jinan City,Shandong Province were selected as the research objects and divided into 4 groups（n=40） by random number table method. They were divided into control group（basic diet）,experimental group I（basic diet+2% probiotics）,experimental group II（basic diet+4% probiotics）,experimental group III（basic diet+6% probiotics）,and 5 replicates were set in each group,with 8 cows in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 42 d. The intestinal flora and performance indexes of eupgastritis cows in each group were analyzed.[Result] The indexes of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in test groups I, II and III were lower than those in control group （P < 0.05）, and those in test group II were the lowest. The lactobacillus index of test groups I, II and III was higher than that of control group, and the highest was in test group II. The average daily feed intake and average daily milk yield of test groups I, II and III were significantly higher than those of control group （P< 0.05）, and the highest values were found in test group II. The ratio of feed to milk in test groups I, II and III was significantly lower than that in control group （P< 0.05）, and the lowest was in test group II. [Conclusion] Adding probiotic fermented feed to the basic diet of eupgastritis dairy cows can significantly improve the growth performance and change the intestinal flora structure of dairy cows,and 4% supplemental dose was the best.