[目的]针对夏季高温高湿环境下奶牛子宫炎高发且传统抗生素治疗面临耐药性的问题,系统评估氯前列醇钠联合阴离子盐日粮在子宫炎防控中的应用效果,为奶牛场提供科学防治策略。[方法]于2023年6—8月在山东某规模化奶牛场,将160 头分娩荷斯坦牛随机分为4 组：常规治疗组（抗生素+子宫冲洗）、氯前列醇钠治疗组（常规治疗+氯前列醇钠）、氯前列醇钠+营养组（常规治疗+氯前列醇钠+阴离子盐日粮）和对照组,对比分析各组子宫炎发病率、治疗效果、繁殖性能及血液生化指标的差异。[结果]氯前列醇钠联合阴离子盐日粮可使子宫炎发病率降低27.3%,治愈率提升至 95.0%,子宫复旧时间缩短20.7%,首次发情时间提前23.7%,受胎率提高14.7 个百分点,且显著改善机体抗氧化能力与钙代谢水平。[结论]该综合方案经济效益显著（净收益 + 230 元 / 头）,为夏季奶牛子宫炎防控提供了安全高效的替代方案。

[Objective] In response to the high incidence of dairy cow endometritis in hot and humid summer environments and the challenge of antibiotic resistance in traditional treatments,this study systematically evaluated the application effect of cloprostenol sodium combined with anionic salt diet in the prevention and control of endometritis,aiming to provide scientific strategies for dairy farms. [Method] From June to August 202,160 Holstein cows in a large-scale dairy farm of Shandong were randomly divided into four groups: conventional treatment group （antibiotics + uterine lavage）,cloprostenol sodium treatment group （conventional treatment + cloprostenol sodium）,cloprostenol sodium + nutrition group （conventional treatment + cloprostenol sodium + anionic salt diet）,and control group. The differences in endometritis incidence,treatment efficacy,reproductive performance,and blood biochemical indicators were compared and analyzed. [Result] The combination of cloprostenol sodium and anionic salt diet reduced the incidence of endometritis by 27.3%,increased the cure rate to 95.0%,shortened uterine involution time by 20.7%,advanced the first estrus time by 23.7%,improved conception rate by 14.7 percentage points,and significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity and calcium metabolism. [Conclusion] This comprehensive approach demonstrated significant economic benefits （net profit + 230 RMB per cow） and provided a safe and efficient alternative for the prevention and control of dairy cow endometritis in summer.