本报告基于全国10 个省份109 家牧场的调研数据,系统分析了中国奶牛养殖业在炎症与疼痛管理方面的现状、问题与挑战。调研结果显示,尽管93.1%的牧场已制定炎症与疼痛识别标准,但仍存在识别体系不健全、检测手段单一、疼痛管理“重生产轻福利”、药物使用以价格为主导、兽药预算结构不合理、记录与评估体系不完善、兽医学历偏低、培训体系碎片化等问题。报告指出,犊牛去角、乳房炎、蹄病等关键场景的疼痛管理仍存在显著不足,尤其是高疼痛低干预（“高痛低管”）现象突出。在此基础上,报告从识别标准、检测技术、药物使用、预算管理、人员培训等方面提出多项建议,旨在推动奶牛炎症与疼痛管理的规范化、精准化和福利化,促进奶牛养殖业的健康可持续发展。

Based on survey data from 109 dairy farms across 10 provinces in China,this report systematically analyzes the current situation,problems,and challenges regarding inflammation and pain management within the Chinese dairy farming industry. The results indicate that although 93.1% of the farms have established identification standards for inflammation and pain,issues persist. These include an imperfect identification system,reliance on singular detection methods,a production-oriented rather than welfare-oriented approach to pain management（“high pain score,low intervention”）,price-driven drug selection,irrational structure of veterinary drug budgets,incomplete record-keeping and evaluation systems,relatively low educational levels among veterinarians,and a fragmented training system. The report highlights significant deficiencies in pain management for key procedures such as calf dehorning,mastitis,and hoof diseases,with the phenomenon of "high pain score,low intervention"being particularly prominent.Based on these findings,the report proposes multiple recommendations concerning identification standards,detection technologies,drug application,budget management,and personnel training.These aim to promote the standardization,precision,and welfare-oriented improvement of dairy cow inflammation and pain management,thereby supporting the healthy and sustainable development of the dairy farming industry.