[目的]建立一种基于阳极溶出伏安法（ASV）的乳与乳制品中铅含量检测方法,系统评估该方法在生牛乳、灭菌乳、调制乳、发酵乳基质中的适用性。[方法]通过优化前处理条件,显著降低基质干扰。采用国家标准物质（GBW08619）进行系统、全面的方法验证,证实方法准确性良好。[结果]生牛乳、灭菌乳、调制乳、发酵乳检出限（LOD）与定量限（LOQ）分别为0.005 mg/kg和0.01 mg/kg,与《GB 5009.12—2023食品安全国家标准 食品中铅的测定》处于相同水平,加标回收试验显示不同基质中回收率为70%~115%（加标水平0.01~0.04 mg/kg）;精密度试验显示不同基质中精密度为3.32%-18.59%。[结论]本研究方法操作简便、灵敏度高,适用于乳制品中痕量铅的快速筛查与定量分析,为食品安全风险监测提供可靠技术支撑。

[Objective]To establish a method for detecting lead content in milk and dairy products based on anodic stripping voltammetry（ASV）,and systematically evaluated the applicability of this method in raw milk,sterilized milk,modified milk,and fermented milk matrices.[Method]By optimizing the pre-treatment conditions,matrix interference was significantly reduced.A systematic and comprehensive method validation was conducted using the national standard substance（GBW08619） confirming that the method had good accuracy.[Result]The detection limit（LOD） and quantification limit（LOQ）of raw milk,sterilized milk,modified milk and fermented milk were 0.005 mg/kg and 0.01 mg/kg,respectively,which were at the same level as “GB 5009.12-2023 National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Lead in Foods”.The spiked recovery experiment showed that the recovery rate in different matrices were 70%~115%（spiked level of 0.01~0.04 mg/kg）.The precision test showed that the precision in different matrices ranged from 3.32% to 18.59%.[Conclusion]This method was easy to operate and highly sensitive,and was suitable for the rapid screening and quantitative analysis of trace lead in dairy products,providing reliable technical support for food safety risk monitoring.