中国乳业 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (7): 18-23.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.07.04

• 奶牛繁殖健康管理专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

奶牛胚胎早期死亡的多因素分析与综合防控技术研究

刘明胜1, 赵平2,*   

  1. 1 沂南县铜井畜牧兽医站,山东临沂 276000;
    2 沂南县依汶畜牧兽医站,山东临沂 276000
  • 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-04
  • 通讯作者: *赵 平（1987-）,男,山东临沂人,本科,兽医师,研究方向为动物医学。
  • 作者简介:刘明胜（1984-）,男,山东临沂人,本科,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物医学。

Multifactorial Analysis and Integrated Prevention Techniques for Early Embryonic Death in Dairy Cows

LIU Mingsheng1, ZHAO Ping2,*   

  1. 1 Tongjing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Yinan County,Linyi Shandong 276000;
    2 Yiwen Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Yinan County,Linyi Shandong 276000
  • Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-08-04

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摘要： 奶牛胚胎早期死亡是制约牧场繁殖效率的关键问题,我国牧场发生率普遍达20%~30%,年均经济损失超过千万元。本文系统分析了导致胚胎早期死亡的多因素交互作用机制,包括生理性因素、营养性因素、病原性因素以及管理性因素。针对这些原因,研究提出了一套综合防控方案：通过精准营养调控、优化繁殖管理、强化疾病防控（以及应用新技术。某规模化牧场的实践案例表明,综合措施可使胚胎死亡率下降,经济效益显著提升。本研究为牧场降低繁殖成本、提升生产效率提供了科学依据和实用技术,对推动奶业可持续发展具有重要意义。

关键词: 奶牛胚胎早期死亡, 繁殖效率, 多因素交互作用, 精准营养调控, 孕酮监测, 热应激管理, BVDV防控, 基因编辑, 综合防控措施

Abstract: Early embryonic death in dairy cows is a critical issue constraining reproductive efficiency on farms,with a prevalence rate of 20%~30% in Chinese dairy herds and annual economic losses exceeding tens of millions of yuan. This paper systematically analyzed the multifactorial interaction mechanisms leading to early embryonic death,including physiological,nutritional,pathogenic,and management-related factors. To address these causes,the study proposes an integrated prevention strategy comprising precision nutritional regulation,optimized reproductive management,enhanced disease control,and the application of new technologies.Practical implementation at a large-scale dairy farm demonstrated that these comprehensive measures significantly reduced embryonic mortality and improved economic outcomes. The research provided scientific evidence and practical techniques for reducing reproductive costs and enhancing production efficiency,offering significant implications for promoting sustainable development in the dairy industry.

Key words: early embryonic death in dairy cows, reproductive efficiency, multifactorial interactions, precision nutritional regulation, progesterone monitoring, heat stress management, BVDV control, gene editing, integrated prevention measures

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