中国乳业 ›› 2022, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 61-67.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.22.04.12

• 疾病防治 • 上一篇    下一篇

南方规模奶牛场胎衣滞留发病规律研究

杨利基1, 夏青2,*, 张琴妹1, 张晓慧2, 赖霞2, 葛鑫1   

  1. 1 光明牧业有限公司,上海 200436;
    2 上海奶牛研究所有限公司,上海 200436
  • 出版日期:2022-04-25 发布日期:2022-05-05
  • 通讯作者: *夏 青（1986-）,女,江苏宿迁人,本科,兽医师,研究方向为临床兽医及畜牧兽医技术。
  • 作者简介:杨利基（1983-）,男,江苏南京人,本科,兽医师,研究方向为临床兽医及畜牧兽医技术;张琴妹（1981-）,女,福建三明人,本科,兽医师,研究方向为临床兽医及畜牧兽医技术;张晓慧（1983-）,女,上海崇明人,本科,畜牧师,研究方向为临床兽医及畜牧兽医技术;赖 霞（1981-）,女,广西桂平人,本科,畜牧师,研究方向为临床兽医及畜牧兽医技术推广;葛 鑫（1986-）,男,江苏宿迁人,本科,畜牧师,研究方向为临床兽医及畜牧兽医技术推广。

Research on the Incidence Regularity of Retained Placenta in a Large-scale Dairy Farm in Southern China

YANG Liji1, XIA Qing2,*, ZHANG Qinmei1, ZHANG Xiaohui2, LAI Xia2, GE Xin1   

  1. 1Bright Farming Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200436;
    2Shanghai Institute of Dairy Science,Shanghai 200436
  • Online:2022-04-25 Published:2022-05-05

PDF (PC)

131

摘要： 胎衣滞留是奶牛常见的代谢性疾病,对奶牛健康和奶牛场生产的影响较大。本文以南方某规模奶牛场2021年1—12月分娩的牛群数据为基础,从不同月份、干奶天数、妊娠天数、围产天数、围产牛体况等方面研究了该奶牛场胎衣滞留的发病规律。结果显示：该奶牛场热应激期间,胎衣滞留率大幅增加;头胎牛的胎衣滞留率低于经产牛,并且胎次越高胎衣滞留率越高;干奶天数不足,胎衣滞留率会明显增加;妊娠天数越短,胎衣滞留率越高;围产天数越少,胎衣滞留率越高;围产牛体况评分过低或过高,胎衣滞留率都会增加;青年牛投产月龄增加,胎衣滞留率也明显增加;母牛产公犊时的胎衣滞留率高于母犊;出现难产时胎衣滞留率增加,奶牛胎位不正、怀双胎、死胎等牛的胎衣滞留率较高,而胎儿初生重的高低没有显著地影响胎衣滞留率。

关键词: 胎衣滞留, 发病规律, 热应激, 干奶天数, 妊娠天数, 体况评分, 难产, 双胎

Abstract: Retained fetal membranes（RFM）in dairy cows is a common metabolic disease in dairy farms,which has a great impact on cows’ health and production. This article was based on the data from January to December 2021 in a large-scale dairyfarm in the south. Research on patterns of RFM from different months,dry perioddays,gestation days,perinatal days,transition cows’ body condition and so on. The results showed that：RFM increased significantly during the heat stress period;RFM increased when parity increased;RFM increased when dry period days insufficient;RFM increased when gestational days decreased;RFM increased when transition days decreased;RFM increased both when transition cows’ body conditions core was low or high;RFM increased significantly with the calving age of heifers increasing;RFM of cows giving birth of male was higher than female;RFM increased when dystocia occurred,and the cows with fetal dystocia such as malposition,twin and stillbirth have higher rate,but the weight of calves had no effect on RFM.

Key words: retained fetal membranes, incidence regularity, heat stress, dry period days, gestational days, body condition score, dystocia, twins

中图分类号: 

  • S823
[1] Wla B,Hs A,Mx A,et al.Blood urea nitrogen may serve as a predictive indicator of retained placenta in dairy cows- Science Direct[J]. Animal Reproduction Science,2020,218:1-9.
[2] 曹杰,齐长明. 奶牛胎衣不下发病规律研究[J]. 中国动物检疫,2007,24(5):41-42.
[3] Paisley L G,Mickelsen W D,Anderson P B .Mechanisms and therapy for retained fetal membranes and uterine infections of cows:a review[J]. Theriogenology,1986,25(3):353-381.
[4] 米歇尔·瓦提欧著,施福顺,石燕. 繁殖与遗传选择[M]. 中国农业大学出版社,2004.
[5] Gaafar H,Shamiah S M,Shitta A,et al.Factors affecting retention of placenta and its influence on postpartum reproductive performance and milk production in Friesian cows. Slovak Journal Animal Science,2010:43:6-12.
[6] Heinonen M,Heinonen K.Retained placenta in cattle:the effect of treatment or nontreatment on puerperal diseases and subsequent fertility.[J]. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica,1989,30(4):425.
[7] Liang D,Arnold L M,Stowe C J,et al.Estimating US dairy clinical disease costs with a stochastic simulation model[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(2):1472-1486.
[8] Joosten I,Eldik P V,Elving L,et al.Factors related to the etiology of retained placenta in dairy cattle[J]. Animal Reproduction Science,1987,14(4):251-262.
[9] Chebel R C.Predicting the risk of retained fetal membranes and metritis in dairy cows according to prepartumhemogram and immune and metabolic status[J]. Preventive Veterinary Medicine,2020,187(2):1-10.
[10] Ster C,Loiselle M C,Lacasse P .Effect of postcalving serum nonesterified fatty acids concentration on the functionality of bovine immune cells[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(2):708-717.
[11] 张梦龙,赵璧忱,邢菲菲,等. 热休克蛋白27通过调节氧化应激影响奶牛胎衣不下发生机制研究[J]. 黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2021,33(1):21-26.
[12] 付世新,罗春海,娄可兴.奶牛胎儿胎盘解剖学与胎衣不下的关系[J].畜牧与兽医,2009,41(2):82-83.
[13] 侯引绪,孙健,田义.奶牛胎衣不下发生原因分析与防控措施[J].中国奶牛,2019(6):40-43.
[14] 李俊松,陈亮. 亚硒酸钠VE对预防奶牛胎衣滞留的效果[J]. 乳业科学与技术,2003(2):50.
[15] 郭全胜,单军旗. 维生素A D E预防奶牛胎衣滞留的研究报告[J]. 中国牛业科学,1992,18(4):44.
[16] D Cui,Wang X ,Wang L,et al. The administration of Sheng Hua Tang immediately after delivery to reduce the incidence of retained placenta in Holstein dairy cows[J]. Theriogenology,2014,81(5):645-650.
[17] 白云龙. 规模化奶牛养殖场胎衣不下的发病规律的调查及预防措施的试验:[硕士论文][D].内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[18] Ospina P A,Nydam D V,Stokol T,et al.Evaluation of nonesterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate in transition dairy cattle in the northeastern United States:critical thresholds for prediction of clinical diseases.[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2010,93(2):546-554.
[19] Moretti P,Probo M,Morandi N,et al.Early post-partum hematological changes in Holstein dairy cows with retained placenta[J]. Animal Reproduction Science,2015,152:17-25.
[20] 高海慧,赵正伟,郭亚男,等.基于血液生化指标的奶牛胎衣不下预警分析[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2021(6):13-16.
[21] 黎玉琼,李应科,高海慧,等.胎衣不下奶牛围生期血液激素指标分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2021(15):98-100.
[22] 黄雪利,王胜义,王磊,等.归芎益母散对血瘀型胎衣不下临床疗效及与Th1/Th2细胞因子的相关性[J].中国兽医学报,2019,39(7):1366-1373.
[1] 巩青军, 王少丽, 万守英. 缓解奶牛热应激的营养调控措施[J]. 中国乳业, 2022, 0(4): 19-22.
[2] 徐伟, 董飞, 张赛赛, 姜兴刚, 任德全, 马志愤. 2020年国内18 省份不同月份奶牛繁殖和产奶性能表现研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2021, 0(7): 32-38.
[3] 曹杰, 彭传文. 奶牛子宫健康管理[J]. 中国乳业, 2021, 0(6): 11-15.
[4] 钟蓓蕾, 彭传文, 曹杰. 荷斯坦牛难产及子宫健康风险因素分析[J]. 中国乳业, 2021, 0(6): 28-36.
[5] 文明星. 夏季奶山羊常发疾病的防治[J]. 中国乳业, 2021, 0(6): 62-67.
[6] 武传芝. 母羊产后常见问题与处置[J]. 中国乳业, 2021, 0(2): 21-24.
[7] 袁博. 热应激对奶牛的危害以及缓解方法[J]. 中国乳业, 2021, 0(1): 13-14.
[8] 焦蓓蕾, 葛旭升, 张楠, 白雅芳, 杨爱芳, 贺永强. 浅析热应激对奶牛生理机能的影响[J]. 中国乳业, 2020, 0(9): 38-45.
[9] 刘燕. 全自动体况评分与人工评分的对比研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2020, 0(8): 51-56.
[10] 朱春英. 喷淋水滴粒径对缓解奶牛热应激的效果研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2020, 0(6): 50-52.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
ISSN 1671-4393
CN 11-4768/S
主管：中华人民共和国农业农村部
主办：中国农业科学院农业信息研究所
地址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街12号
邮编：100081
电话：010-82106772
E-mail：zhgry@caas.cn

版权所有 © 《中国乳业》编辑部