中国乳业 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 49-56.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.26.04.09

• 疾病防治 • 上一篇    下一篇

牛支原体检测技术的研究进展

纪贝贝1, 包蓓蓓2,*, 蔡凯峰3   

  1. 1.青岛市市级公园管理服务中心,山东青岛 266000;
    2.信阳市农业综合行政执法支队,河南信阳 464000;
    3.中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛 266032
  • 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-22
  • 通讯作者: *包蓓蓓（1979-）,女,河南信阳人,专科,助理畜牧师,研究方向为执法监管及动物诊疗的监督管理。
  • 作者简介:纪贝贝（1987-）,女,山东青岛人,本科,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物检疫及动物医学;蔡凯峰（1987-）,男,山东青岛人,本科,助理研究员,研究方向为综合管理与动物疫病防控政策。
  • 基金资助:
    中国动物卫生与流行病学中心创新基金项目（2025081900）

Research Progress in Detection Techniques for Mycoplasma bovis

JI Beibei1, BAO Beibei2,*, CAI Kaifeng3   

  1. 1. Qingdao Municipal Park Management Service Center,Qingdao Shandong 266000;
    2. Xinyang Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment,Xinyang Henan 464000;
    3. China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao Shandong 266032
  • Online:2026-04-25 Published:2026-05-22

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摘要： 奶牛乳腺炎是制约奶业健康发展的重要疾病,其中牛支原体作为关键病原体,具有传染性强、致病性高、缺乏有效治疗手段等特点,其快速准确检测对防控具有重要意义。本文系统综述了牛支原体检测技术的研究进展,主要包括传统微生物分离培养法、血清学检测方法以及基于DNA的分子检测技术。本文分析了各类方法的优缺点,指出分子检测技术尤其是qPCR在灵敏度与特异性方面优势显著,而RPA、LAMP等新兴等温扩增技术因操作简便、快速、设备依赖低,展现出良好的现场应用潜力,以期为奶牛乳腺炎的早期诊断与综合防控提供理论支持与技术参考。

关键词: 奶牛乳腺炎, 牛支原体, 微生物分离培养, 血清学检测, DNA技术

Abstract: Bovine mastitis is a major disease constraining the healthy development of the dairy industry.Mycoplasma bovis,as one of its key pathogens,is characterized by high contagiosity,strong pathogenicity,and a lack of effective treatments,making its rapid and accurate detection crucial for prevention and control.This paper systematically reviewed the research progress in detection techniques for Mycoplasma bovis,primarily including traditional microbial isolation and culture,serological testing,and DNA-based molecular detection technologies.The advantages and limitations of various methods were analyzed.It is highlighted that molecular detection technologies—especially qPCR—demonstrate significant superiority in sensitivity and specificity,while emerging isothermal amplification technologies such as RPA and LAMP show great potential for field application due to their simplicity,rapidity,and low equipment dependency.This review aimed to provide theoretical support and technical references for the early diagnosis and integrated prevention and control of bovine mastitis.

Key words: bovine mastitis, mycoplasma bovis, microbial isolation and culture, serological detection, DNA technology

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