关键词: 新生犊牛, 初乳管理, 被动免疫, 围产期母牛, 产后保健

Abstract: As China's dairy cattle industry rapidly transitions toward scale,standardization,and intelligence,the management of the peripartum period has become a critical factor determining the core efficiency and sustainable development capacity of dairy farms. Newborn calves and postpartum cows represent the two groups with the highest health risks and the greatest potential for management improvement on farms：the quality of management within hours after calving directly influences the establishment of passive immunity,recovery from cold stress,prevention of umbilical infections,and lifelong disease susceptibility in calves;postpartum cows undergo drastic physiological adjustments,including lactation initiation,energy negative balance,mineral metabolism reconstruction,immune function fluctuations,and uterine involution,within hours to weeks after calving,which can easily trigger conditions such as hypocalcemia, ketosis,and retained placenta.These two groups are highly interrelated and mutually influential within the production system.Currently,most domestic dairy farms remain stuck in a passive veterinary model of "disease detection—disease treatment" ,with industry pain points such as irregular colostrum management,lagging prevention and control of metabolic diseases,fragmented management processes,and disconnected calf and cow management,leading to persistent economic losses through reduced milk production performance,inferior heifer development quality,and lower reproductive efficiency.This paper based on the production scenario of modern large-scale dairy farms and integrating cutting-edge research findings with practical applications,centered on the concept of herd health management.It established a comprehensive,refined calf management system and a tiered cow health care program, incorporating digital tracking technology to propose an integrated calf-cow management model featuring "immediate record-keeping upon birth,quantifiable colostrum assessment,evaluable immunization,postpartum supervision,traceable anomalies,and actionable outcome reviews".

Key words: newborn calves, colostrum management, passive immunity, periparturient cows, postpartum care