在炎热夏季,热应激会显著增加奶牛产后子宫感染性疾病（如子宫炎、子宫内膜炎和子宫积脓）的发病率,其主要诱因包括高温环境下病原菌滋生、子宫复旧延迟、免疫抑制及能量负平衡等。本文系统分析了产后子宫炎的发病机理和诊断及预防措施,以降低子宫炎发生率,改善奶牛繁殖性能,减少经济损失,为奶牛场夏季生殖健康管理提供了理论依据和实践指导。
During hot summers,heat stress significantly increases the incidence of postpartum uterine infections （e.g.,metritis,endometritis and pyometra）in dairy cows. Key contributing factors include pathogen proliferation in high temperatures,delayed uterine involution,immune suppression and negative energy balance.This paper systematically analyzed the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and preventive measures for postpartum metritis,aiming to reduce its incidence,improve reproductive performance,and minimize economic losses.The study provided theoretical and practical guidance for managing reproductive health in dairy herds during summer.
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