奶牛乳腺炎病原菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析——以陕西省16 家规模奶牛场为例

doi:10.12377/1671-4393.26.09.08

中国乳业 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (9): 53-59.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.26.09.08

奶牛乳腺炎病原菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析——以陕西省16 家规模奶牛场为例

雷江红¹, 李丽², 王蔚³, 郭倩¹, 郭蓉¹, 刘金波¹

1.陕西省动物卫生与屠宰管理站,陕西西安 710016;
2.永寿县农业综合执法大队,陕西咸阳 713400;
3.大荔县畜牧发展中心,陕西渭南 715100

出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-10-23
作者简介:雷江红（1973-）,男,陕西西安,本科,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病诊断与防治、兽医公共卫生;李丽（1972-）,女,陕西咸阳,本科,兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病诊断与防治、兽药与生物技术;王蔚（1979-）,男,陕西渭南,本科,高级畜牧师,研究方向为繁殖技术及畜产品安全;郭倩（1991-）,女,陕西西安,硕士,兽医师,研究方向为兽医公共卫生、动物防疫;郭蓉（1995-）,女,陕西西安,硕士,兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病诊断与防治、兽药与生物技术;刘金波（1995-）,男,陕西西安,硕士,助理兽医师,研究方向为繁殖技术及畜产品安全。
基金资助:
高产长寿奶牛高效繁育技术创新与应用（2024NYGG004-3）

Isolation and Identification of Pathogens Causing Bovine Mastitis and Analysis of Drug Resistance：Taking 16 Large-scale Dairy Farms in Shaanxi Province as Examples

LEI Jianghong¹, LI Li², WANG Wei³, GUO Qian¹, GUO Rong¹, LIU Jinbo¹

1. Shaanxi Provincial Animal Health and Slaughter Management Station,Xi'an Shaanxi 710016;
2. Yongshou County Agricultural Comprehensive Law Enforcement Team ,Yongshou Shaanxi 713400;
3. Dali County Animal Husbandry Development Center,Weinan Shaanxi 715100

Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-10-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]为明确陕西省规模奶牛场奶牛乳腺炎病原菌的种类分布及其耐药性特征。[方法]本研究采集陕西省16 家规模奶牛场的患乳腺炎奶牛乳样共369 份,采用病原菌分离培养、革兰氏染色镜检、PCR扩增及基因测序比对进行病原菌鉴定,并采用纸片扩散法对主要病原菌进行19 种常用抗菌药物的耐药性检测。[结果]结果显示,共分离获得病原菌164 株,主要包括金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、链球菌属等。病原菌对头孢曲松、头孢他啶的耐药率均为0,表现出高度敏感性,对其他抗菌药物表现不同程度耐药性。[结论]本研究结果可为陕西省规模奶牛场奶牛乳腺炎的精准防控及临床合理用药提供科学依据。

关键词: 奶牛乳腺炎, 病原菌, 分离鉴定, 耐药性

Abstract: [Objective] To clarify the species distribution and drug resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in mastitis of large-scale dairy farms in Shaanxi Province. [Method] A total of 369 milk samples from mastitic cows in 16 large-scale dairy farms in Shaanxi Province were collected. Pathogen identification was performed through pathogen isolation and culture,Gram staining microscopy,PCR amplification,and gene sequencing alignment. The resistance of major pathogens to 19 commonly used antimicrobial agents was tested using the paper disc diffusion method. [Result] A total of 164 pathogenic bacteria were isolated,primarily including Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,and Streptococcus spp. The resistance rates to ceftriaxone and ceftazidime were 0%,indicating high sensitivity,while other antimicrobial agents showed varying degrees of resistance. [Conclusion] The results of this study provided a scientific basis for precise prevention and control of mastitis in large-scale dairy farms in Shaanxi Province and rational clinical medication.

Key words: calf mastitis, pathogenic bacteria, isolation and identification, drug resistance

雷江红, 李丽, 王蔚, 郭倩, 郭蓉, 刘金波. 奶牛乳腺炎病原菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析——以陕西省16 家规模奶牛场为例[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(9): 53-59.

LEI Jianghong, LI Li, WANG Wei, GUO Qian, GUO Rong, LIU Jinbo. Isolation and Identification of Pathogens Causing Bovine Mastitis and Analysis of Drug Resistance：Taking 16 Large-scale Dairy Farms in Shaanxi Province as Examples[J]. China Dairy, 2026, 0(9): 53-59.

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奶牛乳腺炎病原菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析——以陕西省16 家规模奶牛场为例

Isolation and Identification of Pathogens Causing Bovine Mastitis and Analysis of Drug Resistance：Taking 16 Large-scale Dairy Farms in Shaanxi Province as Examples

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