关键词: 奶牛, 乳房炎, 诊断, 治疗, 研究进展

Abstract: Mastitis is an important disease in the dairy industry that can reduce milk production and quality, increase treatment and prevention costs, and cause economic losses to farms. The disease has various causes, including infections by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and mycoplasma. Clinical symptoms are complex and require specific laboratory methods for accurate diagnosis. Traditional diagnostic methods for mastitis have low accuracy, while molecular biology testing shows great development prospects. Techniques such as microbial culture kits and loop-mediated isothermal amplification （LAMP） are expected to improve the accuracy of mastitis diagnosis and treatment precision. Antibiotics are commonly used for treatment, but they can easily cause bacterial resistance and drug residue problems. Therefore, new drugs are needed for mastitis treatment. Recent studies have shown that bacteriophages may be used as alternatives to treat mastitis, and some plants and their derivatives have antibacterial properties. Natural secretion factors such as lactoferrin and phospholipase A2 also have therapeutic potential, but further research is needed. This paper summarized the current research status of diagnostic and treatment methods for mastitis in dairy cows and provides references.

Key words: cow, mastitis, diagnosis, treatment, research progress