冷应激对奶牛生产性能的影响及缓解措施

doi:10.12377/1671-4393.25.06.11

中国乳业 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (6): 67-70.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.06.11

冷应激对奶牛生产性能的影响及缓解措施

李彦林^#, 闫威明^#, 张学^*, 赵勐^*

现代牧业（集团）有限公司, 安徽马鞍山 243000

出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-04
通讯作者: ^*张学（1967-）,男,河北唐山人,博士,正高级工程师,研究方向为奶牛重大前沿技术攻关;赵勐（1986-）,男,山东蓬莱人,博士,高级畜牧师,研究方向为反刍动物营养与饲料科学。
作者简介:^#李彦林（1996-）,男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士,研究方向为奶牛养殖;^#闫威明（1999-）,男,河南周口人,硕士,研究方向为反刍动物营养与饲料。^#共同第一作者

Effect and Mitigation Measures of Cold Stress on Production Performance of Cows

LI Yanlin^#, YAN Weiming^#, ZHANG Xue^*, ZHAO Meng^*

Modern Farming（Group） Co., Ltd., Maanshan Anhui 243000

Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在畜牧业发展中,冬季冷应激是制约奶牛健康生产的关键问题之一。冷应激导致奶牛采食量减少,产奶量、繁殖性能及健康状况显著下降。本文从产奶量、行为、繁殖性能等维度分析冷应激的影响,并提出物理保温（如优化牛舍结构、增加垫料）、营养调控（如补充高能量饲料）、环境控制等综合缓解措施,为奶牛冬季健康高效生产提供技术参考。

关键词: 奶牛, 冷应激, 生产性能, 物理保温, 营养调控

Abstract: In the development of animal husbandry, cold stress during winter is a critical issue constraining the healthy production of dairy cows.Cold stress leads to reduced feed intake, as well as significant declines in milk yield, reproductive performance, and overall health status.This paper analyzed the impacts of cold stress from dimensions such as milk production, behavior, and reproductive performance, and proposed comprehensive mitigation measures, including physical insulation （such as optimizing barn structure and increasing bedding）, nutritional regulation （such as supplementing high-energy feed）, and environmental control.These strategies provided technical references for ensuring the healthy and efficient production of dairy cows during winter.

Key words: cow, cold stress, production performance, physical insulation, nutritional regulation

李彦林, 闫威明, 张学, 赵勐. 冷应激对奶牛生产性能的影响及缓解措施[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(6): 67-70.

LI Yanlin, YAN Weiming, ZHANG Xue, ZHAO Meng. Effect and Mitigation Measures of Cold Stress on Production Performance of Cows[J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(6): 67-70.

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冷应激对奶牛生产性能的影响及缓解措施

Effect and Mitigation Measures of Cold Stress on Production Performance of Cows

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