中国乳业 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (7): 31-37.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.07.06

• 奶牛繁殖健康管理专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

热应激期间繁殖障碍的诊断和治疗措施

李培明, 李强, 郭志坚, 付畅, 王冬, 马婧蕾   

  1. 宁波三生生物科技股份有限公司,浙江宁波 315000
  • 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-04
  • 作者简介:李培明（1977-）,男,山东德州人,本科,研究方向为反刍动物繁殖技术及生理学;李 强（1972-）,男,江苏南通人,专科,研究方向为反刍动物繁殖与生理学;郭志坚（1991-）,男,黑龙江齐齐哈尔人,本科,研究方向为反刍动物繁殖与生理学;付 畅（1988-）,男,黑龙江齐齐哈尔人,本科,研究方向为临床兽医及畜牧兽医技术;王 冬（1988-）,男,山西临汾人,本科,研究方向为反刍动物繁殖技术及生理学;马婧蕾（1995-）,女,北京人,硕士,研究方向为畜牧兽医。

Diagnosis and Treatment Measures of Reproductive Disorders During Heat Stress

LI Peiming, LI Qiang, GUO Zhijian, FU Chang, WANG Dong, MA Jinglei   

  1. Ningbo Sansheng Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo Zhejiang 315000
  • Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-08-04

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摘要： 本文综述了热应激对奶牛繁殖性能的影响及应对措施。热应激会导致奶牛受胎率、妊娠率降低,排卵失败、流产、卵巢囊肿风险增加,还会延长乏情期,影响产奶量,且损害具有积累性。热应激对繁殖的影响包括发情活动减弱、卵母细胞与胚胎发育受阻等。针对此,可通过胚胎移植（夏季鲜胚移植受胎率高于人工授精）、同期排卵技术（提升受胎率）、减少胚胎流失（如配种后注射布舍瑞林）、防治子宫炎（产后保健方案）及治疗卵巢疾病（如用谛诺、布舍瑞林等）等措施改善。同时,需结合防暑降温、营养调整等综合方法,以提高热应激期间奶牛繁殖率。

关键词: 热应激, 繁殖障碍, 布舍瑞林, 早期胚胎死亡

Abstract: This paper reviewed the effects of heat stress on dairy cow reproductive performance and corresponding countermeasures. Heat stress can lead to reduced conception and pregnancy rates,ovulation failure,increased risks of abortion and ovarian cysts,prolonged anestrus periods,decreased milk production,and cumulative damage. Its impact on reproduction includes weakened estrus activity and impaired oocyte and embryo development. To address these issues,measures such as embryo transfer （fresh embryo transfer in summer yields higher conception rates than artificial insemination）,ovulation synchronization techniques （improving conception rates）,reducing embryonic loss （e.g.,administering buserelin after breeding）,preventing and treating metritis （postpartum health protocols）,and managing ovarian disorders （e.g.,using Dinoprostone,buserelin,etc.） can be implemented. Additionally,comprehensive approaches such as heat stress mitigation and nutritional adjustments are essential to enhance dairy cow reproductive efficiency during heat stress.

Key words: heat stress, reproductive disorders, buserelin, early embryonic death

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