犊牛腹泻产气荚膜梭菌的毒素基因分型与耐药性分析——以山东省某规模奶牛场为例

doi:10.12377/1671-4393.25.08.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]为查明山东省某规模化奶牛场腹泻犊牛病因及病原体耐药性,研究采集病料进行病原学鉴定和耐药性分析。[方法]无菌采集病死犊牛肠系膜、肺脏、脾脏等组织病料装入采样袋,共18 份,通过细菌分离培养及生化试验,细菌16S rRNA进行PCR扩增和毒素分型鉴定,运用K-B琼脂扩散纸法对分离菌株耐药性试验,PCR电泳检测14 种耐药基因。[结果]结果显示,5 株C型产气荚膜梭菌被检出,检出率为27.8%。分离菌对多种抗生素表现耐药性,β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、磺胺类和氯霉素类耐药基因均有检出。[结论]研究结果表明,C型产气荚膜梭菌是引起奶牛场腹泻犊牛发病的致病菌,且对部分抗生素表现耐药性。该研究结果为奶牛场产气荚膜梭菌防控提供参考。

关键词: 腹泻犊牛, 产气荚膜梭菌, 毒素基因分型, 耐药性

Abstract: [Objective] In order to find out the etiology and pathogen resistance of diarrhea calves in a large-scale dairy farm in Shandong Province,the pathogenic identification and drug resistance analysis were carried out. [Method] A total of 18 samples of mesenteric,lung,spleen and other tissues of dead calves were collected aseptically and put into sampling bags. Through bacterial isolation and culture and biochemical test,bacterial 16 S rRNA was amplified by PCR and toxin typing was identified. The K-B agar diffusion paper method was used to test the drug resistance of the isolated strains,and 14 drug resistance genes were detected by PCR electrophoresis. [Result] The results showed that 5 strains of C.perfringens type C were detected,and the detection rate was 27.8%. The isolated bacteria showed resistance to a variety of antibiotics,and β-lactams,aminoglycosides,sulfonamides and chloramphenicol resistance genes were detected. [Conclusion] The results showed that C.perfringens type C was the pathogenic bacteria causing diarrhea in calves on dairy farms,and it was resistant to some antibiotics. The results of this study provide a reference for the prevention and control of Clostridium perfringens in dairy farms.

Key words: diarrhea calves, clostridium perfringens, toxin genotyping, drug resistance

刘芝美. 犊牛腹泻产气荚膜梭菌的毒素基因分型与耐药性分析——以山东省某规模奶牛场为例[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 54-60.

LIU Zhimei. Genotyping and Drug Resistance Analysis of Toxin Genes in Clostridium perfringens from Calf Diarrhea--A Case Study of a Large-scale Dairy Farm in Shandong Province[J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(8): 54-60.

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