中国乳业 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (10): 62-68.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.10.10

• 疾病防治 • 上一篇    下一篇

牛新孢子虫病垂直传播及其危害研究概述

赵治国1, 王海艳1,*, 陈林军1, 崔强1, 延涵1, 石新华2, 付海滨3, 董浩宇4, 张娜2   

  1. 1 呼和浩特海关技术中心,内蒙古呼和浩特 101120;
    2 内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特 010000;
    3 沈阳海关技术中心,辽宁沈阳 110016;
    4 乌兰察布市兴和县农牧和科技（乡村振兴）局 内蒙古乌兰察布 013650
  • 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-14
  • 通讯作者: *王海艳（1972-）,女,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,研究员,研究方向为微生物与动物检疫。
  • 作者简介:赵治国（1983-）,男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,博士,正高级兽医师,研究方向为动物检疫及生物安全;陈林军（1991-）,男,湖南衡阳人,硕士,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物检疫;崔 强（1988-）,男,内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,硕士,高级兽医师,研究方向为食品及动物检疫;延 涵（1992-）,女,内蒙古包头人,硕士,高级农艺师,研究方向为动植物检疫;石新华（1972-）,男,内蒙古赤峰人,本科,农业技术推广研究员,研究方向为动物卫生监督及农业技术;付海滨（1977-）,男,山东德州人,博士,研究员,研究方向为植物检疫及生物安全;董浩宇（1996-）,男,内蒙古乌兰察布人,本科,助理兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病预防及治疗;张 娜（1981-）,女,内蒙古包头人,本科,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病流行病学调查。
  • 基金资助:
    中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（2024ZY0156）,内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目（2023YFDZ0048）,海关总署科技计划项目（2023HK012、2024HK261）,呼和浩特市研发投入激励项目（2025-规-研-13）

Brief Review on Bovine Neosporosis Vertical Transmission and its Hazards

ZHAO Zhiguo1, WANG Haiyan1,*, CHEN Linjun1, CUI Qiang1, YAN Han1, SHI Xinhua2, FU Haibin3, DONG Haoyu4, ZHANG Na2   

  1. 1 Hohhot Customs Technical Center,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010020;
    2 Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center in Inner Mongolia ,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010000;
    3 Technical Center of Shenyang Customs,Shenyang Liaoning 110179;
    4 Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology（Rural Revitalization） Bureau of Xinghe County,Ulanqab Inner Mongolia 013650
  • Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-11-14

PDF (PC)

1

摘要： 新孢子虫病是由犬新孢子虫寄生在宿主体内引起的多种家畜共患原虫病,呈世界性分布。犬是新孢子虫的终末宿主,牛、羊、马等动物均可成为中间宿主。该病对牛的危害尤为严重,主要造成患畜肉质下降,母牛流产、死胎以及新生儿运动神经系统性疾病等,每年会给全球养牛业带来严重的经济损失。其传播途径包括垂直传播和水平传播,且垂直传播是主要的传播途径,这种传播方式可导致犬新孢子虫在牛群中维持多代。预防牛新孢子虫病垂直传播首先需要防控妊娠母牛感染新孢子虫,此外,还需要严格控制和管理农场中的犬只、采取生物安全措施等方式控制水平传播。本文旨在对牛新孢子虫病的垂直传播机理、危害及防控措施进行探讨,期望能够在生产实践中为牛新孢子虫病的疫情防控提供参考依据。

关键词: 牛, 新孢子虫病, 垂直传播, 危害

Abstract: Neosporosis caused by Neospora caninum is a protozoan disease that can affect a variety domestic animals and is distributed worldwide. Dogs are the definitive hosts,and some animals such as cattle,sheep,and horses can be intermediate hosts. This disease is particularly harmful to cattle,mainly causing decline in meat quality,abortion,stillbirth,and neurological diseases in newborns,bringing severe economic losses to the global cattle industry every year. The routes of transmission for Neospora caninum include vertical and horizontal transmission,vertical transmission is the main route of transmission,which can make Neospora caninum maintain multiple generations in cattle populations. For preventing the vertical transmission of bovine neosporosis,first of all requires preventing pregnant cows from being infected with Neospora caninum,in addition,requires strictly controlling and managing dogs on the farm and taking biosecurity measures to control horizontal transmission. The aim of this paper was to discuss the mechanism of vertical transmission of bovine neosporosis,the harm of vertical transmission,as well as the control measures,to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of bovine neosporosis in production practice.

Key words: cattle, Neosporosis, vertical transmission, harm

[1] Peters M, Lutkefels E, Heckeroth A R,et al.Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural evidence for Neospora caninum tissue cysts in skeletal muscles of naturally infected dogs and cattle[J]. International Journal for Parasitology,2001,31:1144-1148.
[2] Lindsay D S, Dubey J P, Duncan R B.Confirmation that the dog is a definitive host for Neospora caninum[J]. Veterinary Parasitology,1999,82:327-333.
[3] 贾立军,马莉,张守发,等.牛源犬新孢子虫对BABL/c孕鼠胎盘激素和细胞因子调节功能的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(8):1689-1695.
[4] Marin M S,Hecher Y P, Quintanas,et al.Immunization with inactivated antigens of Neospora caninum induces toll-like receptors 3,7,8 and 9 in maternal-fetal interface of infected pregnan theifers[J].Veterinary Parasitology,2017,243:12-17.
[5] Herman R K,Molestina R E,Sinai A P,et al.The apicomplexan pathogen Neospora caninum inhibits host cell apoptosis in the absence of discernible NF-kappa Bactivation[J]. Infection and Immunity,2007,75(9):4255-4262.
[6] 和学秀. BALB/c小鼠感染新孢子虫后腹腔巨噬细胞极化的初步研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2018.
[7] Nishikawa Y,Inoue N,Makala L,et al.A role for balance of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 productionin protective immunity against Neospora caninum infection[J]. Veterinary Parasitology,2003,116(3):175-184.
[8] Bjőrkman C,Alenius S,Manuelsson U,et al.Neospora caninum and bovine virus diarrhoea virus infections in Swedish dairy cows in relation to abortion[J].The Veterinary Journal,2000,159(2):201-206.
[9] 龙烟朦,高鸿博,马磊,等. 新孢子虫对小鼠致病力及在小鼠体内动态分布的研究[J].中国兽医杂志,2016,52(1):3-9.
[10] Anderson M L,Reynolds J P,Rowe J D,et al.Evidence of vertical transmission of Neospora sp infection in dairy cattle[J]. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,1997,210(8):1169-1172.
[11] Pare J,Thurmond M C,Hietala S K.Congenital Neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle and associated calfhood mortality[J]. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research,1996,60(2):133-139.
[12] Paré J,Thurmond M C,Hietala S K.Neospora caninum antibodies in cows during pregnancy as a predictor of congenital infection and abortion[J]. Journal of Parasitology, 1997,83(1):82-87.
[13] Bartels C J,Huinink I,Beiboer M L,et al.Quantification of vertical and horizontal transmission of Neospora caninum infection in Dutch dairy herds[J]. Veterinary Parasitology, 2007,148(2):83-92.
[14] Wouda W,Moen A,Schukken Y.Abortion risk in progeny of cows after a Neospora caninum epidemic[J]. Theriogenology,1998,49(7):1311-1316.
[15] Davison H,Otter A,Trees A.Estimation of vertical and horizontal transmission parameters of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cattle[J]. International Journal for Parasitology,1999,29(10):1683-1689.
[16] Baillargeon P,Fecteau G,Paré J,et al.Evaluation of the embryo transfer procedure proposed by the International Embryo Transfer Society as a method of controlling vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in cattle[J]. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,2001,218(11):1803-1806.
[17] Bergeron N, Fecteau G, Pare J,et al.Vertical and horizontal transmission of Neospora caninum in dairy herds in Québec[J]. Canadian Veterinary Journal,2000,41(6):464.
[18] Romero J,Frankena K.The effect of the dam-calf relationship on serostatus to Neospora caninum on 20 Costa Rican dairy farms[J]. Veterinary Parasitolorg,2003,114(3):159-171.
[19] López-Gatius F, López-Béjar M, Murugavel K, et al.Neospora-associated abortion episode over a 1-year period in a dairy herd in north-east Spain[J]. Journal of Veterinary Medicine,Series B:Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health,2004,51(7):348-352.
[20] Chanlun A,Emanuelson U,Frössling J,et al.A longitudinal study of seroprevalence and seroconversion of Neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle in northeast Thailand[J]. Veterinary Parasitology,2007,146(3-4):242-248.
[21] Mazuz M L,Fish L,Reznikov D,et al.Neosporosis in naturally infected pregnant dairy cattle[J]. Veterinary Parasitology,2014,205(1-2):85-91.
[22] de Magalhães V C S,de Oliveira U V,Costa S C L,et al. Transmission paths of Neospora caninum in a dairy herd of crossbred cattle in the northeast of Brazil[J]. Veterinary Parasitology,2014,202(3-4):257-264.
[23] do Nascimento E E,Sammi A S,Dos Santos J R,et al. Anti-Neospora caninum antibody detection and vertical transmission rate in pregnant zebu beef cows (Bos indicus):Neospora caninum in pregnant beef cows (Bos indicus)[J]. Comparative Immunology,Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,2014,37(4):267-270.
[24] Santos R R D,Rocha C M B M D,Gonçalves T D M,et al. Quantification of vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in dairy cows in Minas Gerais,Brazil[J]. Revista Brasileira De Parasitologia Veterinaria,2012,21:294-297.
[25] Moré G,Bacigalupe D,Basso W,et al.Frequency of horizontal and vertical transmission for Sarcocystis cruzi and Neospora caninum in dairy cattle[J]. Veterinary Parasitology,2009,160(1-2):51-54.
[26] Rodriguez A M,Maresca S,Cano D B,et al.Frequency of Neospora caninum infections in beef cow-calf operations under extensive management[J]. Veterinary Parasitology,2016,219:40-43.
[27] Gharekhani J,Yakhchali M.Vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in Iranian dairy cattle[J]. Annales de Parasitologie,2020,66(4):495-500.
[28] Razmi G,Zarae H,Norbakhsh M F,et al.Estimating the rate of transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum to aborted fetuses in seropositive dams in Mashhad area, Iran[J]. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine,2013,7(4):253-256.
[29] Shahidi M,Mohsen Maleki,Razm G.An estimation of vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in dairy cattle,in Khorasan Razavi Province,Iran[J]. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society,2024,75(3):7635-7640.
[30] Dubey J P.Review of Neospora caninum and neosporosis in animals[J].The Korean Journal of Parasitology,2003,41(1):1-16.
[31] Wouda W,Bartels CJ M,Moen A R.Characteristics of Neospora caninum-associated abortion storms in dairy herds in the Netherlands(1995-1997)[J]. Theriogenology,1999:52:233-245.
[32] Anderson M L,Blanchard P C, Barr B C,et al.Neospora-like protozoan infection as a major cause of abortion in California dairy cattle[J]. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,1991,198:241-244.
[33] Dubey J P, Lindsay D S.A review of Neospora caninum and neosporosis[J]. Veterinary Parasitology,1996,67:1-59.
[34] Reichel M P, Alejandra Ayanegui-Alcérreca M, Gondim L F P,et al.What is the global economic impact of Neospora caninum in cattle-the billion dollar question[J]. International journal for parasitology,2013,43(3-2):133-142.
[35] Dubey J P.Recent advances in Neospora and neosporosis[J].Veterinary Parasitology,1999,84:349-367.
[36] Dubey J P.Neosporosis in cattle:biology and economic impact[J].Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,1999,214:1160-1163.
[37] Dubey J P,Schares G,Ortega-Mora L M.Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis and Neospora caninum[J]. Clinical Microbiology Reviews,2007,20(2):323-367.
[38] Hernandez J,Risco C,Donovan A.Association between exposure to Neospora caninum and milk production in dairy cows[J]. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,2001,219:632-635.
[39] Barling K S,McNeill J W,Thompson J A,et al. Association of serologic status for Neospora caninum with postweaning weight gain and carcass measurements in beef calves[J]. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,2000,217:1356-1360.
[40] Weston J F,Heuer C,Williamson N B.Efficacy of a Neospora caninum killed tachyzoite vaccine in preventing abortion and vertical transmission in dairy cattle[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine,2012,103:136-144.
[41] Nadia Bergeron,Gilles Fecteau,Julie Pare,et al.Vertical and horizontal transmission of Neospora caninum in dairy herds in Quebec[J].Canadian Veterinary Journal,2000,41: 464-469.
[42] de Souza G G,Amatti L Z,Garcia L V,et al.Neospora caninum infection and reproductive problems in dairy cows from Brazil:A case-control study[J].Veterinary Parasitology Region,2022,28.
[43] Davison H,Otter A,Treesa A.Estimation of vertical and horizontal transmission parameters of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cattle[J].International Journal for Parasitology,1999,29:1683-1689.
[44] Gharekhani J,Yakhchali M.Vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in Iranian dairy cattle[J].Annals of Parasitology,2020,66(4):495-500.
[45] Frenc N P,Clancy D,Davison H C.Mathematical models of Neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle: transmission and options for control[J].International Journal for Parasitology, 1999,29:1691-1704.
[46] Bartels C J M,Irene Huinink,Beiboer M L,et al.Quantification of vertical and horizontal transmission of Neospora caninum infection in Dutch dairy herds[J]. Veterinary Parasitology, 2007,148:83-92.
[47] Baillargeon P,Fecteau G,Pare J,et al.Evaluation of the embryo transfer procedure proposed by the International Embryo Transfer Society as a method of controlling vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in cattle[J]. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,2001,218:1803-1806.
[1] 王晶, 赵永峰, 李景斌, 杨旭, 王礞礞, 王煜东. 规模化牧场奶牛疼痛管理与抗炎药物应用现状调研报告[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 2-13.
[2] 徐伟, 赵慧秋, 李志佳, 马修国, 耿涛, 程思源, 姜兴刚, 董飞. 口蹄疫免疫间隔对奶牛受胎率的影响分析[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 14-23.
[3] 成冲. 烟台地区奶牛口蹄疫免疫与繁殖性能关联性及秋季防疫优化[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 24-29.
[4] 李佳祺. 秋季布鲁氏菌病综合防控技术及其对奶牛繁殖性能的影响[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 30-36.
[5] 张建康. 秋季防疫对奶牛繁殖性能的影响与协同管理策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 37-43.
[6] 付畅, 李强, 周娟娟, 曹云龙. 青年牛高效繁殖管理策略及对牧场经济效益的影响[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 44-51.
[7] 郭洋洋, 卓嘎, 李志明. 西藏昌都酸奶行业发展现状与前景[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 58-62.
[8] 李佳薇. ESG视角下中国乳业发展研究——以蒙牛乳业为例[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 63-67.
[9] 马昌国. 日粮中添加不同水平当归提取物对奶牛生产性能、血清抗氧化指标及瘤胃功能的影响[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 73-77.
[10] 韩萌, 张文学, 杨旭, 王晶. 奶牛疼痛评估与抗炎镇痛治疗关键技术研究进展[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 84-90.
[11] 孔令博, 张建康, 何微, 杨旭, 王晶, 聂迎利. 国内外奶牛抗炎镇痛管理研究进展与实践应用[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 97-107.
[12] 孙华, 孙菁笛, 何金兴, 曲静然. 牛奶中天然活性成分及其影响因素研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(9): 135-144.
[13] 付畅, 李强. 现代牧场繁殖数据深度解析与效率优化策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 2-7.
[14] 赵新春. 热应激下奶牛激素调控策略及其应用效果分析[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 8-14.
[15] 及美拉. 热应激对奶牛繁殖性能的影响及生殖激素调控策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 15-20.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
ISSN 1671-4393
CN 11-4768/S
主管：中华人民共和国农业农村部
主办：中国农业科学院农业信息研究所
地址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街12号
邮编：100081
电话：010-82106772
E-mail：zhgry@caas.cn

版权所有 © 《中国乳业》编辑部