中国乳业 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (10): 69-75.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.10.11

• 疾病防治 • 上一篇    下一篇

2020—2024年上海市规模化奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎血清学调查分析

冯桂丹, 向蒙, 杨显超, 唐聪圣, 张玉杰, 杨德全, 赵洪进, 王建*   

  1. 上海市动物疫病预防控制中心,上海 201103
  • 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-14
  • 通讯作者: *王 建（1973-）,男,上海人,博士,研究员,研究方向为动物疫病防控。
  • 作者简介:冯桂丹（1998-）,女,河南获嘉人,硕士,助理兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病检测;向 蒙（1996-）,女,上海人,硕士,助理兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病检测;杨显超（1985-）,男,上海人,硕士,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病检测;唐聪圣（1998-）,男,上海人,本科,助理兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病检测;张玉杰（1989-）,女,山东德州人,硕士,兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病检测;杨德全（1983-）,男,上海人,硕士,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病检测;赵洪进（1977-）,男,上海人,博士,高级兽医师,研究方向为动物疫病防控。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市奶业优势特色产业集群科研类项目（2023年）（沪农委〔2024〕74号）

Serological Investigation and Analysis of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis in Large-scale Dairy Cattle Farms in Shanghai from 2020 to 2024

FENG Guidan, XIANG Meng, YANG Xianchao, TANG Congsheng, ZHANG Yujie, YANG Dequan, ZHAO Hongjin, WANG Jian*   

  1. Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Shanghai 201103
  • Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-11-14

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摘要： [目的]为掌握2020—2024年上海市规模化奶牛场牛传染性鼻气管炎（IBR）的流行状况,为该地区IBR的防控提供科学依据。[方法]于2020—2024年期间,采集上海市5 个区5 个规模化奶牛场的2 520 份未免疫IBR相关疫苗的牛血清样品,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对血清中的IBR gE抗体和IBR gB抗体进行检测,运用SPSS 27.0软件对检测结果进行统计分析,通过χ2检验分析不同地区规模化奶牛场IBR病毒抗体检测结果的差异显著性。[结果]2020—2024年,所检测血清样品中IBR gE抗体总阳性率为25.7%,IBRgB抗体总阳性率为27.3%,且五年间IBR gE、IBR gB 抗体总阳性率总体呈波动上升趋势;不同区规模化奶牛场的牛血清IBR抗体阳性率差异极显著（P<0.01）,其中崇明区IBR gE抗体阳性率（57.2%）和IBR gB抗体阳性率（74.4%）均为最高;不同年龄奶牛中,成年牛的IBR gE抗体阳性率（36.2%）和IBR gB 抗体阳性率（32.9%）最高,犊牛的IBR gE抗体阳性率（14.1%）和IBR gB抗体阳性率（16.0%）最低。[结论]2020—2024年IBR在上海市规模化奶牛场中存在不同程度流行,应进一步加强IBR的监测和防控措施,尤其是针对崇明区、金山区等高感染率地区,需采取差异化的防控策略,以有效控制IBR的传播和流行。

关键词: 规模化奶牛场, 牛传染性鼻气管炎（IBR）, 抗体, 血清学调查, 防控策略

Abstract: [Objective] To understand the epidemic status of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis （IBR） in large-scale dairy cattle farms in Shanghai from 2020 to 2024,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of IBR in this region. [Method] From 2020 to 2024,2 520 bovine serum samples were collected from cattle not vaccinated against IBR in 5 large-scale dairy farms located in 5 districts of Shanghai. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect IBR gE antibodies and IBR gB antibodies in the serum. SPSS 27.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the test results,and the Chi-square test was applied to analyze the significance of differences in IBR virus antibody detection results among large-scale dairy farms in different districts. [Results] From 2020 to 2024,the overall positive rate for IBR gE antibodies in the tested serum samples was 25.7%,and the overall positive rate for IBR gB antibodies was 27.3%. Over the five years,the overall positive rates for both IBR gE and IBR gB antibodies showed a fluctuating upward trend. There were highly significant differences （P<0.01） in the positive rates of IBR antibodies among dairy farms in different districts. Chongming District had the highest positive rates for both IBR gE antibodies （57.2%）and IBR gB antibodies（74.4%）. Among cattle of different ages,adult cattle had the highest positive rates for IBR gE antibodies （36.2%） and IBR gB antibodies （32.9%）,while calves had the lowest positive rates for IBR gE antibodies（14.1%） and IBR gB antibodies（16.0%）. [Conclusion] From 2020 to 2024,IBR was prevalent to varying degrees in large-scale dairy cattle farms in Shanghai. Monitoring and control measures for IBR should be further strengthened,especially in high-infection-rate areas such as Chongming District and Jinshan District,where differentiated prevention and control strategies need to be adopted to effectively control the transmission and prevalence of IBR.

Key words: large-scale dairy cattle farm, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis（IBR）, antibody, serological survey, prevention and control strategy

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