规模化奶山羊场布鲁氏菌病的防控与净化策略

doi:10.12377/1671-4393.26.05.08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]针对规模化奶山羊场布鲁氏菌病传入风险集中、场内传播效率高、人员职业暴露严重、经济损失巨大且防控管理复杂的现实困境,系统构建一套科学、高效、可落地的综合防控与净化策略,为规模化奶山羊场实现疫病净化和可持续发展提供理论依据与实践指导。[方法]基于国内外布鲁氏菌病防控净化的成功经验,结合规模化奶山羊场生产特点,采用流行病学风险分析、文献综述与案例实证相结合的方法,提出以生物安全为核心、精准监测与分阶段净化、公共卫生与人员防护为路径的综合技术体系。[结果]理论分析与国内外防控实践证明,严格落实“监测—扑杀—生物安全”三位一体策略,可有效阻断布鲁氏菌病在规模化奶山羊场的传播链。采用cELISA等鉴别诊断技术可准确识别感染个体;辅以足额的扑杀补偿机制,提升养殖者的配合意愿。通过分阶段持续实施净化方案,可逐步将羊群血清阳性率降至零,并维持无疫状态,改善羊群繁殖性能与产奶水平。[结论]规模化奶山羊场布鲁氏菌病的防控与净化是一项系统工程,必须坚持“监测—扑杀—生物安全”三位一体原则。该策略对推动我国奶山羊产业疫病净化与公共卫生安全保障具有重要指导意义。

关键词: 规模化奶山羊场, 布鲁氏菌病, 防控, 生物安全体系, 监测净化

Abstract: [Objective] In view of the practical difficulties of Brucellosis in large-scale dairy goat farms,such as concentrated introduction risk,high transmission efficiency,serious occupational exposure,huge economic losses and complicated prevention and control management,a set of scientific,efficient and comprehensive prevention and control and purification strategies was systematically constructed,which provided theoretical basis and practical guidance for the purification and sustainable development of Brucellosis in large-scale dairy goat farms. [Method] Based on the successful experience of prevention and control of Brucellosis at home and abroad,combined with the production characteristics of large-scale dairy goat farms,a comprehensive technical system with biosafety as the core,accurate monitoring and phased purification,public health and personnel protection as the path was put forward by combining epidemiological risk analysis,literature review and case study. [Result] Theoretical analysis and prevention and control practice at home and abroad proved that strictly implementing the trinity strategy of "monitoring-culling-biosafety" could effectively block the transmission chain of Brucellosis in large-scale dairy goat farms.Differential diagnosis techniques such as c-ELISA can accurately identify infected individuals.Supplemented by a sufficient compensation mechanism for culling,the farmers' willingness to cooperate will be enhanced.Through the continuous implementation of the purification scheme in stages,the positive rate of serum in sheep can be gradually reduced to zero,and the epidemic-free state can be maintained,and the reproductive performance and milk production level of sheep can be improved. [Conclusion] The prevention and control of Brucellosis in large-scale dairy goat farms is a systematic project,and the trinity principle of “monitoring-culling-biosafety” must be adhered to.This strategy is of great guiding significance to promote the purification of industrial diseases and public health security of dairy goats in China.

Key words: large-scale dairy goat farm, Brucellosis, prevention and control, biosafety system, monitoring and purification

胡海燕. 规模化奶山羊场布鲁氏菌病的防控与净化策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(5): 47-54.

HU Haiyan. Prevention Control and Purification Strategy of Brucellosis in Large-scale Dairy Goat Farm[J]. China Dairy, 2026, 0(5): 47-54.

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