关键词: 奶牛, 粗饲料, 生产性能, 消化功能

Abstract: [Objective]Roughage is an important source of nutrient supply. Roughage ration has a great influence on the health and performance of dairy cows .[Method] To explore the effects of different roughage rations on the performance and rumen digestion of dairy cows,40 Holstein cows with similar body weights,litter sizes, and milk production were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 replicates in each group and 1 parallel for each replicate. The control group was fed a total mixed diet consisting of maize silage,test group A was fed 50% maize silage and 50% alfalfa, test group B was fed 50% maize silage,25% alfalfa,and 25% oat grass, and trial group C was fed 40% corn silage,30% alfalfa,and 30% oat grass for a total of 60 days to explore the changes in the dairy cows' organism. [Result] Trial groups B and C were effective in increasing cow body weight and average daily feed intake,as well as boosting average milk production. The milk composition was found to have increased in protein and fat content,but the difference in somatic cell count was not obvious. Meanwhile, the test of immune ability found that test groups B and C could increase the IgA and IgM content in the serum of cows to a certain extent, but had no significant effect on IgG. Test group A had an effect on the indicators,but compared with the control group,the change was not significant,and not as obvious as the effect of test groups B and C. [Conclusion] The roughage ration of 50% corn silage,25% alfalfa forage and 25% oat grass,or 40% corn silage,30% alfalfa,and 30% oat grass without changing the ratio of concentrate feed has a good effect on the production performance and rumen digestion tunction of dairy cows.

Key words: dairy cow, roughage, production performance, digestion function