中药复方与头孢类抗生素联用治疗奶牛乳房炎MRSA研究

doi:10.12377/1671-4393.26.02.05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]为减少兽用抗生素使用,探究中药复方与头孢类抗生素联合使用对奶牛乳房炎多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的体外协同抑菌效果,筛选增效减毒的联合用药方案。[方法]本研究从临床发病奶牛乳房分泌物中分离鉴定MRSA菌株,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定中药复方（由蒲公英、金银花、连翘等6 味中药组成）与头孢噻呋、头孢喹肟2 种头孢类抗生素的单独抑菌浓度（MIC）,通过棋盘稀释法检测联合用药的协同抑菌指数（FICI）,并观察不同药物组合对MRSA生长曲线的影响。[结果]分离的MRSA菌株对头孢噻呋、头孢喹肟的单独MIC分别为64、32 μg/mL,中药复方单独MIC为256 mg/mL;中药复方与头孢噻呋、头孢喹肟联用的FICI分别为0.38、0.25,均呈显著协同抑菌作用;联合用药组对MRSA生长的抑制作用强于单独用药组,可缩短抑菌起效时间,延长抑菌持续期。[结论]中药复方与头孢类抗生素联用能显著降低后者对MRSA的抑菌浓度、增强抑菌效果,可减少临床头孢类抗生素使用剂量,为治疗奶牛乳房炎耐药菌株感染提供了新用药思路与试验依据。

关键词: 中药复方, 头孢类抗生素, 奶牛乳房炎, 多重耐药金黄色葡萄球菌, 协同抑菌作用

Abstract: [Objective] To reduce the use of veterinary antibiotics,explore the in vitro synergistic antibacterial effect of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine compound and cephalosporin antibiotics on multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） in dairy cows with mastitis,and screen combined medication regimens that enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity. [Method] In this study,MRSA strains were isolated and identified from the breast secretions of clinically affected dairy cows. The minimum inhibitory concentrations （MIC） of a traditional Chinese medicine compound （consisting of six traditional Chinese medicines such as dandelion,honeysuckle,and forsythia） and two cephalosporin antibiotics,ceftiofur and cefquinome,were determined by the micro-broth dilution method. The synergistic antibacterial index （FICI） of the combined medication was detected by the checkerboard dilution method,and the effects of different drug combinations on the MRSA growth curve were observed. [Result] The individual MIC of the isolated MRSA strains for ceftiofur and cefquinome were 64,32μg/mL respectively,and the individual MIC of the traditional Chinese medicine compound was 256 mg/mL. The FICI of the combination of the traditional Chinese medicine compound with ceftiofur and cefquinome was 0.38 and 0.25 respectively,both showing significant synergistic antibacterial effects. The inhibitory effect of the combined medication group on the growth of MRSA was stronger than that of the single medication group,which could shorten the onset time of the antibacterial effect and prolong the duration of the antibacterial effect. [Conclusion] The combination of traditional Chinese medicine compound and cephalosporin antibiotics can significantly reduce the inhibitory concentration of the latter against MRSA,enhance the inhibitory effect,and decrease the clinical dosage of cephalosporin antibiotics. This provides a new medication idea and experimental basis for the treatment of drug-resistant strain infections in dairy cow mastitis.

Key words: Chinese herbal compound, cephalosporin antibiotics, dairy cow mastitis, multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, synergistic bacteriostatic effect

杨胜男, 段笑笑, 刘枢清, 刘欣, 瞿红颖, 李彦. 中药复方与头孢类抗生素联用治疗奶牛乳房炎MRSA研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(2): 29-35.

YANG Shengnan, DUAN Xiaoxiao, LIU Shuqing, LIU Xin, QU Hongying, LI Yan. Study on the in vitro Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of the Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound and Cephalosporin Antibiotics on Multi-drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Bovine Mastitis[J]. China Dairy, 2026, 0(2): 29-35.

参考文献

[1] Tora E T,Bekele N B,Suresh Kumar R S.Bacterial profile of bovine mastitis in ethiopia:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].PeerJ,2022,10:e13253.
[2] Zhao Y C,Xiao M X,Sun Z H,et al.Ecological distribution of virulent multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus in livestock,environment,and dairy products[J].Antibiotics (Basel,Switzerland),2022,11(11):1651.
[3] Zhao Y C,Xiao M X,Sun Z H,et al.Unmasking MRSA antibiotic resistance:the impact of environment,pollution,and healthcare quality—a nationwide exploration in china:a comprehensive analysis spanning 2014 to 2021 in mainland china[J].Environmental Sciences Europe,2025,37(1):22.
[4] Tartor Y,Enany M,Ismail N,et al.Vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus endangers egyptian dairy herds[J].Scientific Reports,2024,14(1):30606.
[5] Lubna,Hussain T,Shami A,et al.Antimicrobial usage and detection of multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus:Methicillin-and tetracycline-resistant strains in raw milk of lactating dairy cattle[J].Antibiotics (Basel,Switzerland),2023,12(4):673.
[6] Haq I,Kamal M,Swelum A,et al.Alarming multidrug resistance in staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk of cows with subclinical mastitis:antibiotic resistance patterns and occurrence of selected resistance genes[J].PloS One,2024,19(5):e301200.
[7] Berteina-Raboin S.Comprehensive overview of antibacterial drugs and natural antibacterial compounds found in food plants[J].Antibiotics (Basel,Switzerland),2025,14(2):185.
[8] 杭永付,薛晓燕,方芸,等.中药抗菌和逆转耐药作用机制研究进展[J].中国药房,2011,22(47):4504-4507.
[9] Liu B G,Xie M,Dong Y,et al.Antimicrobial mechanisms of traditional chinese medicine and reversal of drug resistance:a narrative review[J].European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences,2022,26(15):5553-5561.
[10] Jia J H,Chen J F,Wang G L,et al.Progress of research into the pharmacological effect and clinical application of the traditional chinese medicine rehmanniae Radix[J].Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy=Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie,2023,168:115809.
[11] Zhang D,Jin G Z,Liu W,et al.Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides ameliorates Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in rats by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways[J].BMC Veterinary Research,2022,18(1):201.
[12] Odds FC.Synergy,antagonism,and what the chequerboard puts between them[J].The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,2003,52(1):1.
[13] Sharun K,Dhama K,Tiwari R,et al.Advances in therapeutic and managemental approaches of bovine mastitis:a comprehensive review[J].The Veterinary Quarterly,2021,41(1):107-136.
[14] Naranjo-Lucena A,Slowey R.Invited review:Antimicrobial resistance in bovine mastitis pathogens:A review of genetic determinants and prevalence of resistance in European countries[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2023,106(1):1-23.
[15] Dong L,Meng L,Liu H M,et al.Effect of cephalosporin treatment on the microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes in feces of dairy cows with clinical mastitis[J].Antibiotics (Basel,Switzerland),2022,11(1):117.
[16] Sun Y W,Wu Y J,Wang Z L,et al.Dandelion extract alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress through the nrf2 pathway in bovine mammary epithelial cells[J].Toxins,2020,12(8):496.
[17] Fan M,Zhang X,Song H P,et al.Dandelion (taraxacum genus):A review of chemical constituents and pharmacological effects[J].Molecules (Basel,Switzerland),2023,28(13):5022.
[18] Li W J,Zhang L Q,He P,et al.Traditional uses,botany,phytochemistry,and pharmacology of lonicerae japonicae flos and lonicerae flos:a systematic comparative review[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2024,322:117278.
[19] Ren C Z,Luo Y L,Li X J,et al.Pharmacological action of angelica sinensis polysaccharides:a review[J].Frontiers in Pharmacology,2025,15:1510976.
[20] Wen T Y,Xin G,Zhou Q L,et al.Investigation into the potential mechanism of radix paeoniae rubra against ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology[J].Nutrients,2024,16(24):4409.
[21] Pastorino G,Cornara L,Soares S,et al.Liquorice (glycyrrhiza glabra):a phytochemical and pharmacological review[J].Phytotherapy Research:PTR,2018,32(12):2323-2339.
[22] 钱民怡.阿莫西林与黄芩素对耐药金黄色葡萄球菌的协同抗菌机制研究及其复方制剂的研制[D].北京:中国农业大学,2017.
[23] 刘云宁,李小凤,班旭霞,等.中药抗菌成分及其抗菌机制的研究进展[J].环球中医药,2015,8(8):1012-1017.
[24] Khairullah A,Kurniawan S,Sudjarwo S,et al.Kinship analysis of meca gene of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and risk factors from the farmers in blitar,indonesia[J].Veterinary World,2024,17(1):216-225.
[25] 徐倩倩.中草药提取物联合头孢噻呋对MRSA性奶牛乳腺炎的作用及机制研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2024.
[26] 宋永强.关于硫酸头孢喹肟在猪、牛体内的药理学研究综述[J].中兽医学杂志,2023(7):1-3.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed