关键词: 奶牛, 牛结节性皮肤病, 牛传染性鼻气管炎, 牛结核病, 防控

Abstract: There are three common Class II diseases in cows,which are lumpy skin disease（LSD）,infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis（IBR）and bovine tuberculosis(BTB). This paper analyzes the pathogenic characteristics, clinical symptoms and diagnostic methods of these three diseases,analyzes the epidemic trend, and discusses the new prevention and control strategies,so as to provide reference for effective control,purification and eradication. LSD is mainly prevalent in the summer and autumn seasons when insect vectors are active. The clinical symptoms are the appearance of hard and protruding nodules on the skin. Strengthening feeding management and appropriate immunization are the main prevention and control strategies;IBR is highly susceptible in calves aged 20-60 days,with clinical manifestations of respiratory,reproductive,corneal and conjunctival,enteritis,and other types often coexisting. Immunization,testing,and culling of positive cattle are measures to eradicate it;BTB is a chronic consumptive zoonotic disease characterized by nodular granuloma,caseous and calcified necrotic lesions of tissues and organs. It is common in pulmonary tuberculosis,lymphoid tuberculosis,breast tuberculosis,intestinal tuberculosis. Comprehensive prevention and control measures must be taken, such as monitoring and purification,quarantine supervision,harmless treatment.

Key words: cows, lumpy skin disease, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine tuberculosis, prevention and control